Therapeutics such as probiotics exert a beneficial effect on host gut microbiota after consumption and may be capable to prevent several diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Fermented dairy foods, cheese whey and buttermilk whey offer suitable matrices for the growth and viability of probiotic microorganisms and are potential sources for the development of probiotic dairy-based beverages. The literature shows that the heterogeneous food matrices of non-dairy food carriers are the major constraints for the survival of the probiotics and the use of antioxidants in yogurt manufacture. Dairy consumption such as sour/fermented milk, yogurt, cheese, butter/cream, ice cream, and infant formula need to be assessed for the content of microbial diversity. The role of fermentation, freezing/thawing, room temperature modification and probiotic shelf life may have a critical effect on the generation of LPS from gram negative bacteria that may lead to dysbiosis. The association between high fat/high cholesterol diets have been shown to be linked to the increased incidence for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The literature shows strong evidence with relevance to changes in cholesterol metabolism and transport that is associated with AD pathogenic processes. The safety of probiotic therapy for AD patients requires investigation with relevance to the induction of dyslipidemia and the release of bacterial lipopolysaccharides and amyloid beta from gram-negative bacteria needs to be controlled in these probiotic formulations.
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