In discriminant analysis you use a group of quantitative variables to discriminate experimental units in two groups (or more than 2 in Canonical Discriminant Analysis).
Discriminant function analysis is a statistical analysis to predict a categorical dependent variable (called a grouping variable) by one or more continuous or binary independent variables (called predictor variables). Discriminant analysis is used when groups are known beforhand. Each case must have a score on one or more quantitative predictor measures, and a score on a group measure. In simple terms, discriminant function analysis is classification - the act of distributing things into groups, classes or categories of the same type