I am wondering if there is any published study or anecdotic field observations that show that active howling (human voice, playback) could disturb (even slightly) wolf packs? I am aware that it could be hard to make any sound conclusions even with wolves followed by means of telemetry. I am also interested in studies that show that wolf packs are not disturbed at all. Many thanks in advance. Best wishes Fridolin
This work by Jeager et al. on jackals may be relevant to you. A little old, but thorough:
https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/77/3/768/944283
Hi Fridolin,
This is an older reference but in this study some wolves responded to human howling by moving - see page 229 and on in Wolf Howling and Its Role in Territory Maintenance by Fred H. Harrington and L. David Mech in Behaviour, 1979, Vol. 68, No. 3/4 (1979), pp. 207-24
https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4533952.pdf?casa_token=mjR41BSWj94AAAAA:L6z_emDBiDRayjnQQrQAfos6fKaYZybDFzoa0oHWag6xSfUPpS6Sx1BBVCiP5DRndpZgxSFAE5rzL8XUV9hhFlV1f_WrqgfxOg8MAy6MA_PWdsk3cFbe
Hi Fridolin, Here is a nice paper on the topic out of Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, Canada. They looked at how GPS-collared wolf space-use changed in response to human howls. Hope that helps if you have not seen this already!
Article Space use by gray wolves (Canis lupus) in response to simula...
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