What are the main reasons for low transformation efficiency? After the LR reaction, I only ended up with maybe 10 colonies? I am trying to clone a 3.7kb fragment, could the size contribute to the low efficiency? Any helpful ideas/tips?
I based my PhD on gateway cloning. Actually, the amount of colonies is irrelevant. The important issue is that the colonies you are obtaining are containing the right plasmid. I succesfully cloned 3-4 kb fragments obtaining 2-3 colonies (all positive!!!!)
Not getting too many colonies is not an issue. A single positive clone would help. Your insert size is big (3.7kb), what is the vector size, try ligation of vector:insert in 1:1 ratio.
have you checked the colonies for clone confirmation?
I've done a lot of Gateway cloning and never got the quantity of colonies the instructions imply. But the efficiency of getting the correct construct was at least 75% in my hands, so as mentioned before, a low number of colonies is ok. That being said, I always did at least 2 hour incubation at 25 deg, and plated different amounts of the transformation mix, (10%, 30%, 60%) on the selective plates.