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Article Methods for preparation and activation of activated carbon: a review
The process and parameters used for making activated carbon will be governed by the type of material being used to derive the carbon, the activating agent, the type of activation you want and the properties required in the activated carbon.
The basic methodology of making activated carbon will be as follows : Taking a carbonized precursor material ( commonly bio-derived), mixing it with an activation agent ( commonly used ones are KOH, NaOH) in optimized ratio (the ratio of carbonized material to activation agent is very critical and will affect the properties like pore size and surface area). The final step is to expose the mixture to heat (in a furnace, through steam or any other feasible method). The last step is washing the activated product to remove any traces of the activation agent which could be a hinderance in the actual application.
Note:
- The carbonized material and the activation agent must be grinded and mixed uniformly to allow homogenous activation of the material
- Post mixing the mixture must be quickly subjected to the heat exposure as the activation agents tend to absorb moisture deteriorating the mixture
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