No, wild-type Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) cannot respond to moth sex pheromones due to differences in their olfactory systems. Fruit flies have specific receptors for their own pheromones, while moths have specialized receptors for their species-specific pheromones. The olfactory receptor repertoire and neural circuitry for detecting pheromones have evolved differently between the two species, preventing fruit flies from recognizing and responding to moth pheromones.