Q.1 Can Polyaniline-PEDOT: PSS get mixed to form a stable dispersion?
Because I tried mixing PEDOT: PSS with Aniline first, followed by oxidative polymerization, and the solution became agglomerate. Then I tried mixing PANI with NMP (1%) and PEDOT: PSS pouring into the solution. However, the PANI becomes PANI-EB. Please advise if you have any guidelines over mixing them to form a stable dispersion.
Q.2 What is the best way to protonate PANI-EB to form PANI-ES in NMP Solvent?
I have found PTSA is considered the best protonic Acid, please advise.
Thanks a lot.
What applications will your mixed solutions be used for?
Why not use PEDOT:PSS solution? There are several different types if PEDOT:PSS dispersion solutions you could choose from.
Thanks for your feedback, Dr.
The intended use of this hybrid solution will be for textile (Cotton) integration.
I have come across several research papers but facing issues with agglomeration and conductivity reduction of Polyaniline using NMP.
Have you consider the toxicity of Polyaniline or by products due to some impurity? I fully understand that some research are going on towards the textile applications of polyaniline. Whether it is practical or not is questionable.
1) If you want to have a homogeneous and stable dispersion of the both polymers I would recommend you previously synthesize a stable dispersion of PANI-PSS in water (it is easy) and mix it with the PEDOT:PSS dispersion. This should work, I think.
2) NMP really dedopes PANI-ES and not convenient for technological tasks. But, really, it is possible to dope EB by acids in NMP. We did it even with fluorinated amino acids. As to p-TSA. It is better to use e.g. DBSA.
Please be aware that you are dealing with *dispersions*, not solutions.
The best way of doing what you want is to produce 2 separate -conductive-polymer/PSS dispersions,
a) PEDOT-PSS
b) PAni-PSS,
and then mix them.
You can not run chemical polymerisation of PAni in PEDOT environment, because then you increase the salt concentration which makes the dispersion unstable, that's what you observed.
Xuhua Wang please be aware that these are not solutions, but dispersions, this is important to know and take into consideration!
@Bernhard Wessling Thanks for pointing out the terminology difference between solution and dispersion. Yes, strictly speaking it is dispersion. I meant that.
Xuhua Wang fine, thanks for confirmation. The point is that it is widespread to use the term "solution" also for dispersions, although these 2 systems are really and in fact contraries, like plus and minus, black and white, beginning and end.
Dr. Bernhard Wessling Would you kindly confirm,
1. Here the PSS is "Poly(Sodium 4-Styrenesulfonate)" or "poly (p-styrenesulfonic acid)"? As i have noticed both of them.
2. Is there effect of Mw on the dispersion.
Thanks a lot.
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