Can anyone help me in clearing my doubt whether the anticonvulsant drugs like phenytoin, carbamazepine and anti-retroviral drug nevirapine can act as haptens or can they form any covalent bond with any of the extracellular or intracellular proteins either in native form or in metaboilte/hapten form before/during exerting its mechanism of action or they can form any hapten-like molecule during conjugation process in kidney for elimination which can induce immune reaction? Any literature describing the phenomena has been published on this? Please share it here to me...