Could you please help me to explore after how many days of fasting does autophagy actually start in (1) Humans (2) Animal models and/or (3) cell lines, please?
I have worked with the PC12 neuronal cell line in which I studied autophagy. It was observed that upon treatment, in about 24 to 48 hrs there were occurrence of autophagic vacuoles in the cells followed by autophagic death. but at the molecular level autophagic genes began to express as early as 8hrs post insult.
Animal models and humans will definitely have a different time line of events.
I have worked with the PC12 neuronal cell line in which I studied autophagy. It was observed that upon treatment, in about 24 to 48 hrs there were occurrence of autophagic vacuoles in the cells followed by autophagic death. but at the molecular level autophagic genes began to express as early as 8hrs post insult.
Animal models and humans will definitely have a different time line of events.
I worked on primary dog dorsal root ganglia and fibroblast cultures. We assessed Mitophagy and autophagy after 20 and 24 hours in starvation media with organelle specific dyes and we noted mitophagy but not autophagy. So I guess you would need either specific early autophagy marker and test for it in fixed cells after different interval incubation to ascertain the start of autophagy. I would think it would be cell type dependent too. Alternatively if you want to keep cell alive for live-cell imaging I suggest you use lysotracker dye to visualize autophagic vacuoles in real-time.
Venugopal Vijayakumar In Drosophila melanogaster starvation independent basal autophagy can be visualised in larval fat bodies 90-96 h after egg laying. To examine starvation dependent autophagy, 90-92 h old larvae is further starved in 20% sucrose solution for 4 h and starvation dependent autophagy is analysed in larval fat body.