What is the probability of exixtence of life-may be in other form, in places other than on our mother earth? Or are we alone in the universe and remain alone.
we are definitely not alone, but considering the vastness of the universe and the long time required by even light to reach nearby stars, the probability of an intelligent civilization contacting another one seems very less.
but finding some kind of biological entities on other planets is more likely, particularly interesting is the case of europa, where i think underwater ecosystem may be present but presence of highly intelligent life forms are highly improbable there.
Without any satisfactory evidence it is mearly a conjucture to say whether we are alone or not. As far as I know, experimental evidences are not yet conclusive . If one is having then please let us know.
First it is necessary to understand what is life. I made a speculative proposal that can be found in the presentation posted in the RG link below. Today I think it is more than ions; the mechanism of life would be a dynamic complex of water-ions-proteins. As these components are available in other places of the multiverse - besides the earth - under adequate boundary conditions they may have evolved into living systems in all those places.
Thus answer to this question is bit speculative. More immediate problem is how to save the earth. Present-day available weapons and one may be available in near future - bio weapons will lead to destruction of animal kingdom as well as plants etc. A way to control such possibility is more serious problem.
Dear Musab all the provided evidences are based on "Ted talks" and none of them has a scientific value, they are just speculations or not proved theories at the best.
I do not know if we are alone or not, but I some how doubt this.
I am not expert in this domain, however my doubts come intuitively from statistics:
1- how many planet have the same distance/star-size as our earth have with the sun, to sustain habitable temperatures? say m
2- how many of (m) have axial tilt similar to earth say n
3- how many of (n) have a similar mas to the earth to allow a habitable gravity? say o
4-how many of (o) have a moon similar to ours, which affects the life on earth? say p
5- how many of (p) have a magnetic field similar to the earths, which contributed to sustaining life on earth? say q
6- how many of (q) have atmosphere with its 5 layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere, which all contributed well to sustain life on earth? say r
7- how many of (r) have oxygen and nitrogen with the same ratios on earth ? say s.
8- how many of (s) have water? say t
9- how many of (t) have a star old enough at least several billion years, long enough for life to evolve ? say u
10- how many of (u) have carbon dioxide, which helps trap heat from the star to keep planets warm ? say v
11-how many of (v) have a star with little variation in radiation as our sun's radiation ? say w
and the list is very long if you want intelligent life, this makes w or the last remaining number very small number approaching to 0, if I am not wrong.
There is a theory called the :"Many-Worlds theory" and another one called ":Many Interacting Worlds theory", Many Interacting Worlds Theory" is inspired by the Many-Worlds Interpretation
nice question, I expect any form of life to obey what we know about physics, chemistry and biology (natural science) laws and facts, if there is different science other than what we know, only then we can imagine what ever we want, but this become science fiction and not science.
for example what kind of an intelligent creature that can live on a planet that has 10 times earth gravity?
I can imagine only a bacterial life! which cannot be intelligent !
Esra, these are just theories to explain some phenomena, and not proven yet.
Lots of evidence for anyone to see. Have a look at some crop formations and try to figure out the message in them. I did and it is fascinating how other intelligence (besides the humans) works.
"...all the provided evidences are based on "Ted talks" and none of them has a scientific value, they are just speculations or not proved theories at the best.
In fact, the approach you propose is, fundamentally, the same as that of the Drake Equation,
N = R∗· fp · ne · fℓ · fi· fc · L (see link below for details)
...which I'm sure will have been alluded to (if not reviewed in detail) in at least some of the items you dismiss.
For over half a century it's been the standard (and probably least-speculative) approach to estimating, on as scientific a basis as can currently be made, the number of communicating civilizations in the cosmos.*
Nowadays, modern observational astronomy is able to improve the range-estimates of some of the Drake Equation's parameters. Consequently the "hypervolume" of the parameter space is gradually being reduced along a number of its dimensions. In theory it could eventually converge on a number that could - in principle - be compared with observation.
So, though difficult in practice, in theory, the Drake equation is ultimately falsifiable, and therefore I would accept it as having scientific value.
Conversely, if you dismiss the Drake equation as not being scientific then you dismiss your own proposition.
Regards - Paul
* I've still to go through Diego Sebastian Mahecha's paper, from his contribution to this thread above, which looks like an interesting approach to the problem.
To me , considering above discussion, it appears that there is not sufficient evidence which shows beyond reasonable doubt, that intelligent life exists elsewhere in universe.
My initial statement was a question posed before learned researchers and last one was conclusion from their answers. So I failed to understand your concern.
Being alone in the boundless universe is very sad. I do not know what is the probability that in the universe there are other living beings. But considering the billions of billions of stars and planets existing are certain that life exists somewhere.
This is one of the most important and mysterious questions that discussed within the scientific community during the last period. Many conflicting evidences were supposed to resolve this mystery but no one yet proved to be conclusive. Therefore, with the fast advances in science we should wait for more data supporting either hypothesis.
Your first contribution, near the start of this whole thread, clearly deserved its three (so far) upvotes.
But I thought your last contribution was redundant, especially given that (with a few notable exceptions) many of the contributions to this thread are not learned scientific discussion but merely vague opinions, from which no valid conclusion should be drawn.
As indicated in the footnote of my preceding post here, I hope to make some small contribution towards recovering the earlier quality of rational discussion on ResearchGate, rather than having parts of it devolve further into a nebulous chat-room...
Are you talking from the perspective of science, or religion? Speculative philosophy or poetry?
I've checked out your YouTube video - and I'm sure that most people with a science education are aware that the universe is large; and that knowledge is provisional.
How does that help answer the question that defines this discussion?
If we define the universe as containing all we can know, then what can be said of things beyond it?
Conversely, if there is anything beyond it that we can know, then our boundary should be redrawn.
So please tell us:
why the video has convinced you that we are not alone,