Generally, the chemical substitution should adjust the Fermi level, and the computed TSS indeed suggests that the Fermi pocket for the three samples different, so why are the frequencies extracted from SdH oscillations nearly the same?
I cannot say for certain without further information on the specific chemical substitutions involved, but the frequencies extracted from SdH oscillations may vary depending on the chemical substitution. Here's why:
SdH oscillations (Schuhmann-Li dHeringer oscillations): These are quantum oscillations of the magnetization in metals. The frequency of these oscillations is related to the extremal cross-sectional area of the Fermi surface in the momentum space. https://elifesciences.org/articles/88777
Chemical substitution: When foreign atoms are introduced into a material's crystal lattice (substitution), they can alter the electronic band structure. This, in turn, can affect the shape and size of the Fermi surface. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_band_structure
Therefore, depending on the nature of the chemical substitution, the Fermi surface can be modified, leading to a change in the SdH oscillation frequency.
Here are some factors that can influence the variation in frequencies:
Valence electron count: Substituents with different valence electron configurations can donate or accept electrons, leading to changes in the overall carrier concentration and Fermi surface shape.
Size and electronegativity: The size and electronegativity of the dopant atom can influence the way it interacts with the surrounding lattice and distort the local electronic environment, affecting the Fermi surface.
For a more definitive answer, you might need to consult research papers on SdH oscillations in specifically chemical-substituted materials of interest.