If one approaches the nucleus and particle world on analytical way and not with the usual theoretical-mathematical thought processes, then atomic nuclei become visible as spatial particle lattices. This lattice structure can of course be interpreted approximately as a shell structure, as is common at present.
The figures show the lattice structures of the nuclei 2-He-4, 3-Li-5 and 4-Be-8. It becomes clear why the nucleus of Helium is particularly stable and the nucleus 4-Be-8 decays immediately into two nuclei 2-He-4 despite its high binding energy. Similarly the immediate decay of the nucleus 3-Li-5.
Thesis The Justification of a realistic Picture of Particles and At...
No, the rotational spectra of nuclei are known and there isn’t any particular lattice structure. That angular momentum is quantized doesn’t imply a lattice in space.
Stam Nicolis : That is a very weak answer. I will spare myself the reply.
A lattice structure has not been considered at all by theorists so far. Instead, one operates with protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus. But this is not even half the truth. In fact, protons and neutrons or more exactly: the particles of which they consist fuse to a uniform particle structure, which we observe as nuclear matter. The particles of the nuclear matter take the highest geometrical order in each case.
The sharp resonances of Mössbauer spectrometry and beta decay schemes are evidence of highly ordered nuclear matter. The previous nuclear models can only be considered theoretical approximations to reality.
Where is there any evidence for the invented 'quarks'? With the nuclear lattice model the actually observed particles are causally recognizable!
Prof. Hans-G. Hildebrandt in isotope 3He in the liquid state which has several phases (superconducting), electrons can be good carries, for the concept of mobility applies, and the Fermi liquid theory applies, & it could be interesting to know if there are scattering processes of those electrons with nuclei and what kind of scattering, if elastic or inelastic, however, I am not aware of any experiment in the cross-section.
For the solid isotope 3He phase, I guess yes, 3He nuclei are arranged as a lattice. At those ultralow temperatures, ~2.4 mK is known that some time entropy for the liquid state is lower than for the solid.
Best Regards.
Prof. Stam Nicolis, you have made an interesting point in the discussion.
I read an old but very important research article (from the 1960s) by famous URSS scientists where they quantized the elastic field and showed the existence of differences in momentum J = L + S & the symmetry principle between isotropy and anisotropic lattices, he quantized Sz, Sx, and Sy.
And... elastic fields P, SV, and SH are lattice vibrations, phonon quasiparticles.
Best Regards.
The fact that the rotational and vibrational levels of nuclei are classified by finite-dimensional representations of the rotation group doesn't mean that the nucleons are arranged in any sort of lattice. If they were, the representation would be finite-dimensional, but it can be finite-dimensional even if they aren't. More precisely, a finite number of particles can be arranged a a polyhedron; but the nuclei don't have rotational and vibrational spectra that correspond to the symmetry groups of polyhedra. They have spectra that correspond to the finite-dimensional representations of the rotation group, because the constituents carry spin. That's the relevant property.
The reason the rotation group has finite-dimensional unitary representations is because it's compact.
The fact that nuclei are a highly ordered lattice structure of certain particles is the result of an extensive analysis of the facts known to us.
- The decay properties of the particles
- The proton-antiproton reaction
- The proton-proton reaction and many others
The previous theories about nuclei and particles are flawed to wrong.
- 'Quarks' have never been detected. They are fantasies.
- The nuclear matter is very homogeneous and cannot consist of discrete protons and neutrons.
As mentioned, the Mössbauer spectrometry and the beta-decay schemes are clear indications of a lattice structure.
Stam Nicolis : If you say that the rotational and vibrational levels of nuclei are classified by finite-dimensional representations of the rotation group
then this means precisely that nuclei have lattice structure consisting of a finite number of particles. You are drawing the wrong conclusions according to the motto: what cannot be is not allowed to be.
An excellent example for the proof of a spatial lattice structure is also the nucleus 6-12 (or 6-C-12, the element symbol is irrelevant for the description). As we know, this nucleus is inert to the attack of neutrons. It has the highly symmetrical structure of an icosahedron. The neighbouring nucleus 5-11 (5-B-11) with its deficient lattice, on the other hand, devours neutrons.
The model picture shows the structure of the nucleus 6-12. The elastic scattering of electrons also speaks for a well-ordered and regular nucleus surface, like that of crystalloids. One should introduce the term "core crystalloids".
Dear Prof. P. Contreras!
Thanks for the info on the isotope 3-He-4.
The isotope He-3 shows no correspondence between nuclear and elemental spins. The nucleus and atomic shell of the isotope He-4 are in "harmony" in that their particle spins are each fully paired equal to 0. Only Ne-20 would be comparable here.
Scanning the nuclei of gaseous elements with electron beams might be particularly difficult, especially for noble gases. The diagrams of elastic electron scattering available to me correlate very well with those corresponding to the particle number and nuclear shape to be deduced.
It should also be noted that the nucleus 2-He-3 should be affine to neutrons.
My Regards! Hans
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