The Salomon curves show chip temperature vs cutting speed for non ferrous alloys. This curves appear in every book, but a 1920 patent nothing explains about the work performed for Salomon.
I have learned much from this paper, especially about Salomon's theory: A review of research related to Salomon’s hypothesis on cutting speeds and temperatures by J.M. Longbottom, J.D. Lanham, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 46 (2006) 1740–1747
All Salomon's work disappeared in 1945 during the Second World War and so there is a wide gap in our knowledge of the experiments carried out during that period.
There are many papers for steels, such as:
Temperature fields in a chip during high-speed orthogonal cutting—An experimental investigation International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture Volume 47, Issue 10, August 2007, Pages 1507–1517