I want to compile a list of acute pathological or physiological events that last no more than 5 min. Currently, I can only think of cortical spreading depression (CSD) and seizure that qualify for this standard (very short, duration less than 5 min). Status epilepticus maybe OK, but I still think it lasts too long. Ischemia is not qualified for the same reason.
Can some one give me more examples? Any physiological and pathological events will be fine, as long as they occur acutely and are short-lived.
paroxysmal paralysis; non-REM parasomnias; non-kinesiogenic dyskinesias
Cerebral hemorrhage.
By the way, although spreading depression has rather short-lasting electrographic manifestations, its consequences (e.g. vascular) may be very long-lasting (up to many hours).
The majority of physiological events in the brain take place at this scale: short term potentiation, working memory, memory buffer, vascular regulation etc. To the pathological list I would add the fast headaches: trigeminal autonomic cephalgias.
Do you go for pathophysiologically or clinically defined events? I didn't get it quite clear when reading your question.
As a clinician, I would add hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia. Status epilepticus is defined by either 5 or 30 minutes ongoing seizures activity, so it won't qualify. Neither does spreading depression, at least when you translate it into complicated migraine, where the corresponding aura can last a lot longer. Ischemia is qualified if you consider TIA or syncope, which is finally transient global cerebral ischemia.