Im now working on acid treatment of CNTs with H2SO4/HNO3 mixture (3:1 ratio). May i know what is the most appropriate acid concentration and ratio of CNTs volume to acid mixture.
The H2SO4/HNO3 mixture at your mentioned ratio has widely been used for oxidising CNTs. From my practical experience I can tell you that should you use only HNO3 (5-8M Soln) without sulfuric acid would definitely serve your purpose. But the strength and volume of acid you use depend on how much CNT you want to oxidise and which process you want to follow.
You must to use functionalization agent based desired size and surface properties of the CNTs .After functionalization of carbon nanotubes with 3:1 acid mixtures(H2SO4:HNO3,usually 98% sulfuric, 70% for nitric),may be found oxygen functionalities such as (-COOH, -OH =C-O,etc.The importance of functionalization may be due to increase the oxidation properties of CNTs. Also, with functionalized those groups , dispersion and conductivity properties are changed. The extent of oxidation is relates with diameter, size ,distribution and defects level .FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are suitable tools to evaluate oxidation and defects levels.
To avoid expectable destroying, it is better to oxidation of CNTs on refluxing at a lower time and use dilute solutions of this mixture and stirring overnight or
heating mixture at low temperature under sonication.