The idea is to power the electric vehicle with a 48 V battery. An inverter may be used to produce 3 phase voltages to power the induction motor which is designed for 48 V.
"One clear message is voltages are rising, giving lighter-weight, smaller motors and interconnects, greater efficiency, less heat, faster charging."
You can find an interesting report in the article below:
https://www.idtechex.com/fr/research-article/electric-vehicles-go-high-voltage/17347
Why low voltage induction motor? Considering mass and efficiency it would be very difficult to consider 48V Induction. If any advantage on both these parameters with your unique design then go ahead.
If your output power requirement is less and you are designing the drive for lighter electric vehicle (e.g small car for kids up to 5 years) you can use 48V 3-phase induction motor.
It depends on your application and what you mean by "electric vehicles".
Normally for a city vehicle at least a 100 kW electric motor is needed.
As you know, electrical active power is (1.73) VL IL Cos(phi) . If you consider the cos(phi) =1 and a Delta connection and 48 volts system, so:
IL=100kW / (48) (1.73) = 1200A for each phase. Which is really a great amount of currents, and needs a great deal of copper to allow it to pass in order to minimize the ohmic loss and heat.
Instead, if you use 400 volts system :
IL=100kW / (400) (1.73) = 140 A
It is completely tolerable.
Less copper, lower weight, lower price, less heat
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