The medicinal value of spices is as a result of their phytochemical content. Hence, there is need to evaluate the phytochemical constituent of the spices using the most suitable method.
Which spice you want to dry? Their is lot of information available for different spices..If the initial moisture content in spice is higher, then it may take longer time at 40C, which may affect the photochemicals content of spice...The thermal stability of the photochemical need to identified in the first place, then you can decide which temperature to use....
Some compounds, such as curcumin, are photosensitive so their concentration my be reduced somewhat by sunlight.
I believe that you win some and you lose some in both cases. Also you could think about using vacuum in order to dry your tissues in lower temperatures.
Drying methods affect the chemical composition of many plants, it is important to check which of the possible classes of molecules spice to then determine the best treatment.
this paper can help you http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924224407000374
u might need to clarify drying conditions for both methods prior to comparison. The humidity, velocity, heating rate, amount of sample....those extents may lead to significant changes in your compound somehow.
Drying at 40 C will not disrupt the chemical composition of spices above this temp will destroy the chemical content
sun dry is the best more than oven 40C, i prefer oven under vaccum till 55 C, the temperature degrade small percentage in volatile oil only, but other component as antioxidant not affect
During sun light drying effect the phytochemical content because time of drying is increased therefore some chemical content loss
your mention temperature will not cause significant harm on the spice.
drying at that temperature (40oC) will have no effect on the phytochemicals depending on how long you want to keep the spices in the oven
@Akeem Sarafa Adeyemi , I suggest a review of works relating to this . There may be some other external factors not considered in this question but relevant in enplaning the out come of such research. A few list link may be of help for review and understanding of this work
1. Effect of different drying techniques on the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of Kappaphycus alvarezii - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-014-0467-3
2. http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jestft/papers/vol8-issue10/Version-1/I081017275.pdf
@ Olusola Bolaji, thank you very much for your contributions sir.
There will not be much difference, only volatile compounds will be effected.
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