Power factor of our system is 0.95 normally when load is maximum (130 A - 150 A) and Power factor becomes 0.60 when the load goes down to 40 A.
What should we do to maintain the power factor above 0.90 all the time.
Note: Load type is domestic, AC, lighting load and water pumps.
Thanks in advance.
One explanation may be that the light loads are electronic loads and they have a poor distortion factor. This may be causing overall poor power factor.
Exact answer will need more info regarding loads.
Power distribution is done by step up(transmission) and step down(distribution) transformers. Transformer draw inductive, Magnetizing current even at no load(fixed loss), hence the effect is dominant at light load and no load, which reduces the power factor considerably, at lower load, reducing system efficiency, considerably, which could avoided by providing proper power factor correcting equipments, like capacitance banks or synchronous converters......
please prepare load track record during 24 hrs and then decide the capacity of compensating KVAR bank for individual time slot. The automatic KVAR controller with capacitor bank can help you to solve the issues. The base line correction capacitor can be installed which can fulfill the KVAR demand for the maximum time of the day.
Also elaborate your Load details and time of its application during a day. this can help to decide for fix value capacitor and load scheduling through out a day. Also please explain type of supply.
May be related to the concept that even though the load is reduced beyond a limit, receiving side is gaining upper hand over the sending end, again getting the system to run out of its desired condition just like ferranti effect ( of course in transmission lines).
Be attentive to what loads compose the 40 A load: they might be heavily inductive and present a very strong shift to your PF. And, if that does not helps you, then - as Mr. Desai said - the transformers may be taking a part into lowering the power factor.
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