1. Bigger molecules in nitrogen than in some of the molecules that make up "air." So the tire maintains pressure better over time. Air is 78% nitrogen, but then there's also lots of oxygen, and then smaller amounts of water vapor, argon, carbon dioxide.
2. Supposedly, nitrogen helps keep the tires cooler. Not sure I get that, unless they simply mean that it's because the gas doesn't escape as fast, so you're less likely to be running on underinflated tires (which flex too much and overheat).
3. More consistent pressure, in season changes or while driving, also helps to reduce tire wear. Because tires are always closer to the ideal pressure.
4. Keeping oxygen and water vapor out of the tire helps make the rubber last longer.
Using nitrogen does reduce tire degradation by limiting oxidation and enhancing Tyre life with inflation. Car's Tyre can have a positive impact on its fuel economy, but main disadvantage is cost.
Inert gas, inflammable materials, heat absorbing capacity, keeps out moisture, protect against corrosion are important features but technical concept lies more to followed up.
I think main reason behind using nitrogen in airplane is that it promotes consistent pressure(due to drier than the compressed air slower rate of pressure loss because the larger particles cannot permeate the Tyre casing as quickly). it has better road holding and grip as the tyre remains inflated to the correct pressure for a longer period of time. It prevents fire from extreme heat too.