I am producing tin and tin oxide nanoparticles using laser ablation method.I have used de-ionized water, methanol, ethanol and acetone as a liquid media for every liquid varied the energy. The X RD result shows maximum tin peaks while their is no consistency in Oxide peaks.One liquid shows Sn2O3 peaks while in other liquid SnO2 peaks are more dominant along with tin peaks.....Why different oxide peaks are appearing ?
The process of laser ablation of tin in solvents is:
1. Melting / condensation of tin.
2. Chemical process oxidation surface of tin water, alcohol, acetone at high temperatures and not equilibrium .
Various redox reactions are competing in the second process. Oxides are synthesized SnO, SnO2. Sn2O3 not synthesized.
Best regards.
Check this paper. on laser reacting with water.
"Femtosecond laser ablation of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite: a green route for large-scale production of porous graphene and graphene quantum dots" Nanoscale,2014, 6,2381
De-oxygen your media from the dissolved oxygen and try through bubbling dry nitrogen or inert gas after purifying/drying. Argon may be available easily. The other two suggestions by Yuri and Kumar has also to be taken into consideration. Since the reactivities and response to energy are varying, you are getting different levels of oxidation. Hope the experimentation is now reduced to very short time as compared with the earlier time span of the process.
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