why bio-material should not be crystalline in nature ? why we try to make sample amorphous for tissue engineering application
there are many crystalline biominerals like apatite in your bone and teeth, calcite in coral, and so on . i think polymers involved in soft tissues mainly deal with amorphous aspects of biomaterials, but i am not quite sure whether all biological polymers of soft tissue are amorphous. although not strictly crystalline, polymer chains can have satisfactorily ordered superstructure like cellulose chain, mycelie, microfibril. macro fibril and fiber of cellulose, written from small to increasingly large scale.
Speaking from a chemistry point of view, amorphous materials are generally soluble in aqueous medium, so when deployed in-vitro, they are expected to be highly soluble and highly biodegradable, so they can produce desirable pharmacokinetics.
it is reported that the amorphous bio-materials promote more cell adhesion than there crystalline counter parts.
To play their roles in nature, biomaterials have to release the elements that are included in their compositions and for that they have to be easly dissociated and resorbable. it is known that, in contrary to the amorphous character, the crystalline one slows down the dissolution and resorption process.
Dear Amit,
Exact reason behind this is crystallinity can affect biomaterial characteristics, and the mechanical properties of an implant or scaffold may potentially be significantly altered by crystallinity. The mechanical properties of many biomaterials are a function of glass transition temperatures (Tg), melting temperatures (Tm), and crystallinity. It is therefore necessary to measure these properties prior to manufacturing any product, to ensure consistency in mechanical properties.
Ashish
Dear Amit,
Exact reason behind this is crystallinity can affect biomaterial characteristics, and the mechanical properties of an implant or scaffold may potentially be significantly altered by crystallinity. The mechanical properties of many biomaterials are a function of glass transition temperatures (Tg), melting temperatures (Tm), and crystallinity. It is therefore necessary to measure these properties prior to manufacturing any product, to ensure consistency in mechanical properties.
Ashish
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