Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation or Q-spoiling, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high (Gigawatt) peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a continuous wave (constant output) mode.
Passive Q switching are used dyes saturable absorber .
Active Q switching operation are used mechanical, acoustical and electrooptical methods .
regards
Raad
More details about this subject can be shown in the reference below:-
W. Koechner, Solid State Laser Engineering, Springer-Velag New York1976
In general , when control on the Q - switch ( open - closed , switching time ) by the external circuit its called active Q- switch as ( electro- optic and mechanical ) , but if the Q-switch ,it self control on ( open - closed - switching time ) is called passive Q-switch as dye
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