I am looking for scales that measure the extent to which the process by which a person arrived at a real-life decision conformed to the principles of decision theory. I am specifically interested in questions that screen for established cognitive biases in decision-making such as temporal discounting, the availability bias, or the focussing illusion. Do you have any recommendations?
This is a great theme. Unfortunately, only the sincerity of the volunteers can determine the result of the analysis of the survey. This aspect of the work it is advisable to pay special attention. All the best.
To assess a subject's introspective sense about the rationality of their decision, you could modify the Lay Rationalism Scale questions (Hsee CK, et al. Lay rationalism: Individual differences in using reason versus feelings to guide decisions. Journal of Marketing Research 52:134-146, 2015) to refer to the subject's specific decision rather than decision making in general (e.g., change "When making decisions,..." to "When I made this decision,..."). For an objective assessment of a decision's rationality, you could use the procedure in Fig. 2 of Choi et al. (Who is [more] rational? American Economic Review 104[6]:1518-1550, 2014) to calculate the degree to which a subject's decision violates the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference (GARP). You may want to ask Shachar Kariv at the UC Berkeley Economics Department for software used by Choi et al. (2014).
Maybe the faith in intuition scale is of some use to you. Though it does not screen for established cognitive biases per se, it assesses the general tendency to make decisions based on confidence in one's feelings and immediate impressions, rather than rational deliberation.