Any material which has appreciable nonlinear optical properties would display dependence of refractive index on externally applied electric field. Dependence on voltage has no sense as voltage is an extensive property. If the material is crystalline and is non-centro-symmetric, it will display this property (called Pockel's effect) though the lowest order nonlinearity in polarization. The crystal will also exhibit pyroelectric and piezoelectric effects If the crystals have a centre of symmetry, they can still show dependence of refractive index on externally applied DC field, a phenomenon known as Kerr effect through a higher order nonlinearity in polariization., but not pyroelectricity or piezoelectricity. Non-crystalline example of this is Kerr effect in carbon disulphide. I may refer to a wonderful Text Book: RW BOYD - Nonlinear Optics.
It is interesting to note that the dependence of refractive indices on static external electric or magnetic field is not confined to materiel media only, and can exist in free space also.. Experimental observation of this has not been done so far and it is believed that this shall be observable when MegaJoule Laser pulses become observable.