In General (LDH) layer double hydroxides has two types of basic sites in it. one is surface hydroxyl group and interlayer carboxylate anions, which one is the mainly contributing site for base catalysed organic reactions. and why???
The active site should be at the surface because 1) hydroxyl groups are of pronounced basic character compared to carboxylates; 2) the surface area may be reached more easily by the substrate in general; 3) it specificly depends on your organic substrate: if the molecule is to big it will never penetrate the interlayer. Therefore, imho the surface is the place to look at in terms of catalytic activity
In my opinion, both surface as well as interlayer anions should play role in catalysis. However, it depends on the type of organic reaction.
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