I am interested in studying about artificial synthesis of these organic chemicals
Hi Trishit,
Chlorophyll's in the plant absorb the light. The plants, photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, found mainly in leaf cells.The product is carbohydrate ( sugar and starch).
Pigments are molecules that are capable of absorbing specific wavelengths (energies) of light and reflect all others. Following are the plant pigments we are familiar with.
1. Chlorophyll a: This is the most abundant pigment in plants and for this leaves appear green to us. It absorbs light with wavelengths of 430nm (blue) and 662nm (red).It contains a hydrophobic (fat soluble) phytol chain that allow it to be embedded in a lipid membrane. The rest of the structure called a tetrapyrrolic ring rests outside of the membrane.The metal, Mg is at the center of the structure and it can have variable oxidation states.
2. Chlorophyll b: Structurally it is similar to chlorophyll a. It absorbs light of 453nm and 642 nm maximally.
3. Carotenoids: These are accessory pigments and absorb light maximally between 460 nm and 550 nm and appear red, orange, or yellow to us.
4. Xanthophylls: They are essentially oxidized Carotenoids and contain oxygen. They are usually red and yellow and do not absorb energy as well as cartenoids.
5. Anthocyanins: These are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that may appear red, purple, or blue depending on the pH.
Chemicals are actually responsible for absorption of light by plants are Chlorophyll, Anthocyanines, Beta -carotin, Auxins, Polyphenols etc.
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