Recently, I have been interested in conducting research on wound healing assays and inflammation. According to several papers, LPS has been used to induce inflammation in HaCaT cells. However, I have attempted to induce inflammation in HaCaT cells using various types and concentrations of LPS, but these attempts have failed.

In my experience, when LPS is used to induce inflammation in RAW264.7 cells, the cells respond by producing nitric oxide (NO) and exhibiting reduced cell viability. In contrast, LPS did not elicit significant changes in cell viability or NO production in HaCaT cells.

Although some studies report successful induction of inflammation in HaCaT cells using LPS, it is noteworthy that some of these papers have been retracted. This raises concerns regarding the validity of LPS-induced inflammation in HaCaT cells, and whether these reports might reflect issues of academic misconduct.

I really want to know if anyone has successfully induced inflammation in HaCaT cells using LPS