Want to see the relation between temperature and precipitation with forest in a time series analysis from 1980 to present. Will be helpful if someone further says about the factors to consider in forest growth and degradation,
All depends on the scale on which you are working. Is it regional, than you should check the closest weather station.
For global climate data, you have several good databases like http://www.worldclim.org/, but this has only monthly values. This site (https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/global-temperature-data-sets-overview-comparison-table) compares different temperature datasets. The last ones claims it provides daily data.
You maybe also want to check the answers on this related question:
There are a number of factors to consider concerning forest growth Including soil type, soil chemistry if limiting or severely eroded, tree species, tree density, rainfall, climate, elevation in some instances, Competition by spme species of grass such as fescue can have an allopathic growth effect. Other species as legumes that fix nitrogen can be beneficial. Presence of non-native invasive tree or plant species can be a big problem. Various types of silvicultural practices can be beneficial in growth and production of desired products, but poor or uninformed management practices can reduce growth and products. There should be ecological maps showing the range of natural tree species for your area, which considers things like soils, temperature, past history information or stump data, etc. If landowners plant species not well adapted to conditions, or planting stock had poor character or distant seed source, the result is sometimes poor growth and form characteristics. I doubt that daily rainfall and temperature by themselves are sufficient indicators for addressing your intent. Some tree species are damaged by fire, others clearly are well adapted and benefit. Droughts and flooding can can locally stress various species, causing mortality, insects, disease, etc., some species are well adapted to the stresses.
You need to clearly indicate your location. Because, data for this kind varies across cities, countries and regions. Once your data location is define, its easier to assist. Thank you.
If you do intend to relate P and T to forest growth, you might try taking cores of dominant or co-dominate trees with an increment borer, countings rings, measuring their widths, etc. Or selecting a few trees to cut, and then measuring this from stump (a practice called dendrochronology Is dating trees from their growth rings). Periods of stress will have close rings, large growth rings may be related to good rainfall, fertilization or other factors. Some species are heavily damaged by singular severe events as ice storms or high winds. Logging or other management activities can cause excessive damage to site conditions if undertaken during the wrong period, such as when soils are too wet, resulting in severe rutting. Most states in USA have forestry BMPs which would be helpful to review as issues vary by physiographic area and topography. Forestry BMPs are intended to be practical and helpful in reducing environmental effects. Seeking out a forest silviculturalist and soil scientist experienced in your area of interest would be helpful for questions about species, growth and site productivity. There may be much which may be appreciated or learned from them by going into the field and helping them collect some tree and soil data.
Thank you all for the answers, the answers were very inspiring.
I am looking for free temperature and precipitation dataset for a region of Bangladesh. I contacted with Bangladesh Meteorological divison, they donot have 2016-2018 dataset. I have seen all the comments. To further specify I want the temperature and precipitation data (red zone) from 1980-2018.