I treat THP1 cells with PMA 150 nM for 24h followed by a recovery period of 24h without PMA in RPMI1640 media. I know that PMA differentiate monocytes to macrophage and increase cell adherence.

My question : To what subtype PMA addition drives macrophage into? is it just activated macrophage in M0 state or to any specific subtype? why there is morphological heterogeneity among PMA-activated THP1 cells treated with LPS or IL4/IL13 ( I see mixed cell population from round cells to spindle shape in both the conditions)?

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