There are many good responses here. One that I did not see in the thread is that to increase student motivation we must acknowledge improvement at any level. When we limit ourselves to rewarding for ability, we reach no one but the top students. As educators, our job it to move all students forward. I have 26 years experience and of the multitude of "motivation" systems I have tried, none works as well as rewarding for improvement. These improvements might be academic, social, or behavioral - I focus on what the child needs most to be a contributing member of our group. In my classroom I use stars as acknowledgment and a simple color system where students move up levels as they earn their stars (I teach elementary.) Motivation needs to be intrinsic therefore there are no extrinsic rewards in my classroom. I urge you to look at the work of Daniel Pink - specifically his video or book called Drive (available on YouTube). It gives great information about motivation, reward systems, and human nature. 

Motivation is a top priority element on every teacher's teaching agenda.It is very good to see the learners working hard and striving positively towards the targeted outcomes. However, motivating students is a challenge which is a matter of concern to all teachers.Among positive parameters promoting motivation , the most essential one , at least to me, is teachers' awareness of learners' wants. By performing a critical needs analysis, teachers should discover learners' personal expectations about the course. Consequently, careful specifications of necessities, lacks and wants can put the program on the right track by establishing the necessary rapport between the teacher and the class since the natural presence of a logical collaboration between teachers and learners can indubitably lead to learner motivation and learner autonomy in the long run.

Best regards,

R. Biria

Hi prof Biria 

Thanks for useful information 

Dear Vahid:

I don't have any theory to back this up, just my own experience over 37 years of teaching at the undergraduate and graduate levels. What has worked best for myself and for my students are these three strategies:

1. Let students learn by working on projects they choose themselves, within the general thematic scope of the course, and encourage them to select a topic they are enthusiastic about, that relates to their interests and experiences.

2. Show students how to organize a classroom congress, then turn over the control of the classroom to the organizing committee, so that the entire group can share the fruits of their individual projects. Students love to feel empowered in this way, since they are tired of following the instructions of professors year after year.

3. Finally, express --and even exaggerate a bit-- your own love for, and excitement about, the material you want the students to work with. This can be contagious in a positive way.

Warm regards,

David

Hi dear David 

Thanks for useful and valuable experience offer to me 

Dear Valid,

There are many ideas regarding the student motivation. I recommend to read through 21 Simple Ideas To Improve Student Motivation as:

Teachthrough :http://www.teachthought.com/technology/21-simple-ideas-to-improve-student-motivatio/

1. Give students a sense of control

2. Define the objectives

3. Create a threat-free environment.

4. Change your scenery.

5. Offer varied experiences.

6. Use positive competition.

7. Offer rewards.

8. Give students responsibility.

9. Allow students to work together.

10. Give praise when earned.

11. Encourage self-reflection.

12. Be excited.

13. Know your students.

14. Harness student interests.

15. Help students find intrinsic motivation.

16. Manage student anxiety.

17. Make goals high but attainable.

18. Give feedback and offer chances to improve.

19. Track progress.

20. Make things fun.

21. Provide opportunities for success.

Hi dear Noori 

Thanks for useful and comprehensive information. 

Thanks for sharing your question.

I think you can motivate your students by encouraging your students and always make them feel proud.

Dear Dr Abdolvahab,

this is a great question. I very much agree with the other answers. I think it is important that students enjoy what they do (i.e. that they can choose the projects they are most interested in), that teachers give them the possibility to practically work on the project, that they stimulate discussion and value different points of views, and that they support students during the learning process. Similarly, it is important that teachers have an open ear for questions, and help if problems arise. All these aspects may encourage students. And finally, if students have achieved something, it is of course important to value this and to give positive feedback.

Best wishes and kind regards,

Rainer

Yes, i think student will easily adapt to positive parameters that creates great influence to their perception and general knowledge.

One of the best means to create a positive response from students, and thus enhance engagement and motivation, is to offer collaborative feedback. Too often the feedback students receive is cursory and impersonal, and their thinking can be that they are not on track. Taking the time, whenever possible, to engage personally with students to discuss their work can be beneficial to help them discover where their achievements are centered. Since I believe achievement is the most powerful motivator, having students voice what they have done well - or not - can help them understand the progress they are making.  

Use appraisal approaches and draw weak students into the discussions in the teaching and learning processes.  Use small-funded incentives as rewards for any impressive performance from the top level students or bottom level students. Best regards

Dickson Adom

The following chapter is very useful as:

Chapter 2. Ten Quick Strategies to Increase Motivation

Meeting Students Where They Live

by Richard L. Curwin

(http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/109110/chapters/Ten-Quick-Strategies-to-Increase-Motivation.aspx)

Hi dear Jon

Thanks and I agree with you.

I think one of the parameters of teaching  that can increase motivation in student is  class management from planning to evaluation. It must be prepared from the begining. All of people easy to understand thevpreparation.

Encourage the students to do more and share in the class. Share all students in the  class subject 

Try to praise the students by identify work in class, show good work in the classroom and send positive notes home to student parents, encourage by offer  weekly awards in the classroom and write in the student newspaper small article or heading  to admit student’s hard work done during the week or the month.. 

Curiosity!

One of the best learning methods is the so-called method "learn by doing". Therefore, students must try to building something object useful to learnig, like for example some experiment, etc..

Dear Vahid, interesting question with complex answer.In my opinion there is a very strong connection between the conditions in which a society works and functions and the motivation. Nowadays we have lost many values and that is one of the reasons why the motivation in students is so low. If they see and feel that everything around them has fallen apart, that there are no values in the society they lived in, if they witness injustice, for example an average student has found work and those who were an excellent students still struggle with issue simply because they have n connections and no one will pull the strings etc. what else can we except. Of course, as a teachers we do our best but the low society values reflects the motivation. Best regards, Violeta Janusheva

Hi dear Violeta

Thanks for fantastic information offer me and I agree with you and accept your opinions.

Make a game out of the class room subject for example Science, make a monopoly game where the cards are questions about science, the places on the boards are different areas within the different subjects of science class, plants, animals, minerals, the sea, the sky, the land, the stars.

hi dear Mary 

Thanks for fantastic and beauty information offer to me.

There are many good responses here. One that I did not see in the thread is that to increase student motivation we must acknowledge improvement at any level. When we limit ourselves to rewarding for ability, we reach no one but the top students. As educators, our job it to move all students forward. I have 26 years experience and of the multitude of "motivation" systems I have tried, none works as well as rewarding for improvement. These improvements might be academic, social, or behavioral - I focus on what the child needs most to be a contributing member of our group. In my classroom I use stars as acknowledgment and a simple color system where students move up levels as they earn their stars (I teach elementary.) Motivation needs to be intrinsic therefore there are no extrinsic rewards in my classroom. I urge you to look at the work of Daniel Pink - specifically his video or book called Drive (available on YouTube). It gives great information about motivation, reward systems, and human nature. 

Hi dear Kate 

Thanks for useful information offer to me and your experience is very fantastic.

Hi dr. using modern educational and teaching techniques can increase students ' motivation towards learning

lively teaching. 

Three Teaching Styles

(https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/philosophy-of-teaching/three-teaching-styles/)

Six Tips for Keeping Students Engaged

(https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/teaching-and-learning/six-tips-for-keeping-students-engaged/)

Lively Learning

(https://www.responsiveclassroom.org/lively-learning/)

A lot of visual and graphical illustrations, practical guides, exercises, questions and answers, discipline and dedication on the part of the teacher. Rewarding of hardworking students. 

Model an attitude that celebrates the learning behind your own mistakes or errors. Act out a couple of errors deliberately so that you model the behaviours that you'd like students to adopt. Create awareness in your class that it's important to be able to make mistakes SO that you can find the lesson that the mistake teaches you- from not putting in enough effort perhaps or to rushing oneself during a task and losing an important piece of information. (whatever) The parameters are this is a safe space to make mistakes and to understand and celebrate the lessons learnt by them. (Albert Bandura's bobo doll experiment- shows how quickly children learn from modelled behaviour, Prof. Carol Dweck's work ((Mindset)) Illustrates how to encourage a "Growth Mindset'.

Hi all , I teach in a medical college so my students motivation is done only by creating some interest in the subject. Make them feel as if they are same as us . The faith shown in them motivates to learn further the subject .And  be interactive . Definitely up till I had positive results 

My best results came from empowering the students.

 At the starting  of the year, explain clear objectives, rules, and view of students so that there is no misunderstanding and students have purposes to work towards.

I agree with placing the learner, not the marks, at the centre of our practice. Two TED talks are seminal here:

Carole Dweck's work on a growth mindset https://www.ted.com/talks/carol_dweck_the_power_of_believing_that_you_can_improve

Kath Murdoch's on the power of wonder                                           https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LFt15Ig64Yg

It's affirming to watch these when we feel disassociated from the data-driven systemic strictures.

start quiz game of the previous topic in class  , and teaching the lesson with daily life examples ,like taking the names of two student ,and try to teach the topic  

Encouragement student is very important factor to motivate the students in the class

yup encouragement is also important tool to motivate student

Thanks Zunaira for this comment

I AGREE WITH Mary Randolph

Respect the students and value their role and work in the class

Teacher should listen to the students and thank them when they finish for their role and involvement. Teacher should also  indicate one or two significant mistakes they might have made and then the teacher should  mentioned to the students that everybody creating mistakes including the teacher. However, making mistake is consider as part of Teaching and learning

Engage them in a debate in a relevant topic. I have seen their motivation to learn peaked with this type of activity. The conference paper below gives an illustration of how to set it up the results gained.

Best regards,

Debra

Conference Paper Debating: A Dynamic Teaching Strategy for Motivating Student...

Hi dear Debra

Thanks for useful and comprehensive information offer to me.

Use their first name. I ask meaning of their name and then tell them it is your parent's mission statement. Walk the talk and come upto it. Compliment whenever possible

Dear Vahid Abdolvahab,

Students learn more and better when they want or need to learn. These aspects give them disposition towards learning (VYGOTSKY, several books; De Corte, 1996 - Brasilian edition). We have interesting research results when we increase their curiosity and reach with them a clear objective; we are also by their side, giving them support in: dialogue, partnership, scientific/theoretical/resources discussion, route correction and so forth.

We discuss it further on our article: "The building up of teachers’ professional identities in the university: learning from their diary practice" (pages 97-99); link: file:///C:/Users/Eveline/Downloads/26375-68940-1-SM.pdf.

We also discuss it in the 4th chapter of our book posted here at RG: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293840451_LEITURA_E_PRODUCAO_ESCRITA_NA_GRADUACAO_PESQUISA_E_ENSINO_-_Innovative_college_reading_and_writing_researches_for_teaching_practices_-_ISBN_978-85-63167-14-9

Hope it was useful.

Yours,

Eveline

Book LEITURA E PRODUÇÃO ESCRITA NA GRADUAÇÃO: PESQUISA E ENSINO -...

Oops! The article is also here at RG:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281772421_Construcao_da_identidade_profissional_de_professores_na_universidade_aprendendo_a_partir_de_sua_pratica_diarista_-_The_building_up_of_teachers%27_professional_identities_in_the_university_learning_from_

Thanks!

Eveline

Article Construção da identidade profissional de professores na univ...

Hi dear Eveline

Thanks for useful and comprehensive information. Your response very fantastic for me and I need time for real feedback.

lesson plans should have motivational strategies for example precise the learning outcomes in every lesson plan, expected class time to spend on each and  teacher should  have motivational strategies at the beginning, the middle, and the end of the  lesson.

Hi dear Noori

Thanks for useful information and I agree with you. 

child friendly method

The key issue here I see is "what positive parameters?" Quantifiable and measurable. This would then focus on methods and approaches which are aimed at a specific result you want. So, narrowing down to a specific area or broad area is the question. Maybe you can use specific areas that are outlined in ' Bloom's taxonomy and work from one or two specific areas to get the positive  learning outcomes. There are areas which have been further added to Bloom's taxonomy  which may be relevant to your research.

Teachers should Be enthusiastic about their subject

Teachers must be allowed to exercise professional judgment in the classroom to make clearly expressed objectives.

Pienso que no hay parámetros universales o generales para promover la motivación.

El deseo, la necesidad y, podríamos decir entonces la motivación para aprender, es inherente a la propia actividad de aprender, no se suscita por fuera de ella.

En el contexto escolar, los docentes proponen, presentan los contenidos que serán enseñados. La contextualización de esos saberes, su problematización para que puedan venir a ser significativos para ese grupo de alumnos es una forma de crear puentes entre los saberes previos y los que se quieren enseñar. Estar motivado para saber más sobre un determinando tema implica estar involucrado en él, pensando sobre, leyendo sobre, en actividades individuales y con otros, en contextos sociales que lo hagan posible.

Let students to select the kind of assignment they carry out or which problems to work on can provide them a sense of control that might motivate them to act further.

Hi Dr use modern teaching methods and teaching aids greetings

I try sending a Video message to a student who does good assignment complimenting him. This make motivation plus. Please try.

Teacher should reward positive behavior of the students outside the Classroom

Application to personal interests. Some alternative schools give the children the option to complete their own project and program based on their own interests. With the help of a school adviser (to be sure the legal amount of curriculum is covered), they make a plan to get all the academics while applying it to their interests. I feel that this would have been a great benefit in my own life especially in understanding what I wanted to do as a career before heading out to colleges and universities. Assigning work in varied areas may not grab their attention as much if they don't have the opportunity to make their own interest and responsibilities in their own personal development. College is great for specific or adverse application but many students cannot afford or get the funding to experience or change their career direction multiple times. In my personal opinion, it should be applied much sooner. I work with youth nearly on a daily basis in a youth development program that meets once a week for a couple hours to their own club that they decide how things go. I still have to make sure we fulfill the curriculum but it is amazing how brilliant these kids are if given the opportunity to take control and responsibility of their own interests and well being. Since they are in a club, they also have to decide what decisions to make or break to make agreements and accommodations of their club friends. 

Motivation could be done if the Teacher build Rapport With Students, offer student option, create a Rewards Program and arrange engaging Lessons.

students should be encourage for their part in the class

Hi dear Noori

Thanks for your useful information.

Hello

Encouraging even the little response from the students and insert confidence inside them will lead to a higher degree of motivation.

Liqaa

Teaching is about building relationships with students. You have to get to know their personal desires for the class. Is it a grade or is it actual learning. Compare that, to what are you offering them. What is it you want them to know. Then break out the tool box of learning strategies of meeting them where they are.

Hi dear John

Thanks for useful information and I agree with you.

Students should be given as much control over their own education

Following

Stimulating and encouraging them to participate in the lecture and ask questions that lead to brainstorming of the learner.

Many a times I ask the students to present the topic of lecture in the class. sometimes I teach the topic afterwards . Students really enjoy and they like the way of learning .

Encouragement the student to do their work

Tasks based on Self-Efficacy Tools

There is no better judge than our students . The dedicated teacher is always praised by all students . Sincerity n love towards your work goes next in list !!!

I am concentrating on developing Critical thinking, Negotiation skills and preparing for climate change specially Food Security understanding.try to use some foreign language words in class from, Arabic, German, Japanese, French. students develop interest.

Teachers can use a number of strategies that have been proven to enhance students’ engagement such as Rewards and Value student work and Students care when they believe that other people care about them.

send video appreciation of any good assignment done.

Also I ask students to share their learning outcome on Research gate. When they get Likes it motivates them. Try it if you can

Teachers should display a strong interest in their students’ learning and a faith in their abilities.

Interested

Interested

Teachers should motivate their students is to get them to take a hard look at themselves and establish their own strengths and weaknesses

Have you seen the work of Dailey (2007); Key Motivational Factors and How Teachers Can Encourage Motivation in their Students.

https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/college-artslaw/cels/essays/secondlanguage/DailySLAKeyMotivationalFactorsandHowTeachers.pdf

Nice Dear David Wooff

Vahid Abdolvahab Many times it is simple words of encouragement. I recommend reading my book "Making Sense of Clinical Teaching: A Hands-on Guide to Success, published by CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, the USA. I have the link for you:

https://www.amazon.com/Making-Sense-Clinical-Teaching-Hands/dp/144414412X

It is important not to lose sight of the perception of usefulness that the study can mean to future graduates. This element is mobilizing and deserves attention.

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Continued_examination_of_skills_of_graduate_is_one_to_a_form_of_extensible_validation