Dear David Hesse ,

In Norway several measures have been implemented to reduce non-exhaust (and exhaust) emissions;

1. Expand fields for cycling and walking

2. Increased number of toll-stations ("polluters" have to pay more)

3. Reduce car speed velocity

4. Choose asphalt that release less particles and contains less harmful minerals (more research are needed here)

5. Frequent washing of the road network

6. Alternatives to studded tires (which is a huge problem during the winter in Norway)

7. During days of heavy pollution: People with odd number as final number on their number plates are allowed to drive on some days, and people with even numbers are allowed to drive the other days. This has encouraged people to drive together.

Dear Therese Nitter Moazami ,

thank you for your detailed answer! I also confirm that some of these measures improve the emission of fine dust and environmental pollution (e.g. microplastics). However, I am not sure if "Frequent washing of the road network" will help to improve pollution!? Especially because e.g. cleaning vehicles produce further pollutants. Do you know of any studies that evaluate the success of some of these measures?

Dear David Hesse ,

Dust binding and street cleaning is used to reduce the concentration of road dust. The documentation of how good these measures are is however a bit thin. The measures do not prevent dust emissions, they improve air quality by binding or removing dust that has already been produced.

In the following report they refer to studies in which the effect of dust binding and street cleaning have been documented:

https://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1069152/FULLTEXT02.pdf

All the best

Most of the control measures for non-exhaust emissions are focus on the road and not directly to the breakes or tires. And as Therese Nitter Moazami said, street cleaning is one of the most eficient ways of control emissions of resuspended dust on paved roads.

I appreciate the proposals received, but from my point of view, the source should be controlled first, and then thinking about how to get rid of the problem after it occurs. The source is the tire, the brakes, and the street itself with friction resulting in the intended dust. So, in my opinion, we need more research to find alternative materials that help reduce the emission of dust from them. This is an extensive work that includes chemical engineering and materials to experiment with high-strength materials while at the same time efficiently fulfilling their purpose .... This is the challenge.

Dear Salah Farhan A Sharif

thank you very much for your contribution on this topic!

You believe that tackling the causes is the primary task to reduce the contribution of these fine dust sources. From my point of view, the share of brake emissions will be significantly reduced in the coming years / decades due to the increasing electrification of the drive system (the potentials through recuperation are high). In the case of tyre abrasion, there will certainly be mixtures with lower wear, but without political pressure I do not see a significant reduction. Certainly, in this area in particular, completely new approaches must be considered! Do you see further potentials and measures to reduce brake and tyre wear?

None, there are experiments with student projects but no serious efforts to develop or deploy technology. And in the UK even without EV, exhaust pipe emissions are now the fourth factor in traffic emissions.