My university has directly gone to the Cloud Computing solution instead of the traditional servers.

Dear Kjartan Skogly Kversøy,

Due to the development of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus pandemic causing Covid-19 disease and the recommendation or legally required stay in home quarantine during the months March - June 2020, stationary teaching classes at universities and schools have been replaced by e-learning. In recent years online courses and trainings have been developing dynamically. On the other hand, education was only partially supported by e-learning. In many countries, traditional teaching classes at schools and colleges have not taken place in recent months and are being replaced by e-learning. Some give out tests, tests and exams are also conducted remotely, via the Internet. Conducting exams and tests in a remote form via the Internet is associated with certain limitations and difficulties. First of all, teacher and student control during the examinations and tests is limited. Therefore, the key question that teachers and students are currently asking themselves relates primarily to the period of subsequent weeks or months of continuing to teach only in the form of e-learning. In some countries, to limit the development of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus pandemic, this period was extended until the end of the school year, i.e. until June 2020. In addition, a particularly important next question related to this issue that many teachers and students ask themselves in many countries is when the final exams of a given stage of education will take place, whether the dates of these exams will not be moved due to the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus pandemic future deadlines and will the form of these examinations be changed? In some countries, it has already been decided or is being discussed in the ministries of education that perhaps the form of the exam will be changed. Perhaps, in a situation where certain final exams, e.g. matura exams were previously conducted as standard in the form of written and oral exams, it may be decided to opt out of the oral exams form. Currently, some countries are testing final exams conducted only remotely, via the Internet. In addition, currently teachers are also looking for answers to the following research questions: Is currently one of the key problems in the development of education is to suspend stationary didactic classes in schools and colleges and replace these classes with e-learning? Are the didactic processes implemented to a limited or full extent in connection with the development of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic causing Covid-19 disease? How long can this situation last that all education is implemented remotely through various new online media? How will the current state of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus pandemic affect learning outcomes? In view of the above, in order to limit the scale of pandemic development, classes are conducted remotely, through various new online media through specific forms of e-learning. The growing importance and development of e-learning is also correlated with the current acceleration of the digitization processes of the economy. In view of the above, in order for exams to be better suited for using the Internet, the procedures for conducting them in remote form are being improved at colleges and schools. In addition, e-learning platforms and applications through which oline didactic classes are conducted in the form of videoconferences are also improved, adapted to the needs of the school or university, to specific requirements of the didactic process, to the specifics of conducting tests and exams via the Internet, etc.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

we have been struggling. for now homeworks look OK

Dariusz Prokopowicz Thank you for this comprehensive answer. It was very educational.

Maia Chankseliani Thank you for this answer. I agree with your suggestions. We at OsloMet have many yeàrs experience with reflective and critical essays. We have also many exams that are based on the students doing actual development work. These exams are very transparent and it is usually easy to find out if something has been copied. Oral exams in the extention of these written essays is very revealing for group exams that show who has been doing the work for the group. At the same time we experience very different exam traditions within the same university. It is interesting to read how the different universities are solving this.

Mehmet Akif Karaman Thank you for your input.

Dear Kjartan Skogly Kversøy

Due to this pandemic, some online mode pf exams were planned to conduct.

Regards

Tanvir Singh Thank you for you input.

following

Hi! sometimes using the time constraints for each questions can help to reduce the chance of cheating among students in the online platforms. Thanks.

Using many forms of questions for the same exam or putting time constraints for answering questions can help to reduce cheating. Asking open and closed questions, and using probing and deductive questioning can help in this concern.

Open questions/cases so students could not copy from internet/text books

UGC has recommended to conduct the final semester exams in september and exempted the rest of the semester students. They will be assessed on the basis of their earler performance.

Mohammed Ali Bait Ali Sulaiman Shamima Raihan Manzoor Mahfuz Judeh Tatiana Garanina Jeevan Jyoti Thank you all for your input.

Mój Uniwersytet nakazał prowadzenie zajęć on-line. Egzamin powinien być zgodny z informacją w planie studiów. Może jednak być zmieniony na ustny. Niektórzy nauczyciele wybierają formę testu pisemnego w ograniczonym czasie. Mnie bardziej odpowiada egzamin ustny. Student ma patrzeć w stronę kamery i odpowiada na pytania. Wcześniej podaję informację o zagadnieniach, których znajomość będzie konieczna. Kolokwium robiłam podobnie. Egzaminy i zaliczenia muszą być nagrane. Oczywiście za zgodą studentów. Rozmowy ze studentami pozwalają na zorientowanie się, czy opanowano słownictwo z danego zakresu. Uważam, że swobodna dyskusja na zadany temat jest lepsza od pisemnego testu.

Anna Sawilska Your answer in English: «My University ordered online classes. The examination should be consistent with the information in the study plan. However, it can be changed to oral. Some teachers choose to take a written test with a limited time. I'm more comfortable with the oral exam. The student is supposed to look towards the camera and answer questions. Earlier, I provide information on the issues that will be necessary to know. I did the same test. Exams and credits must be recorded. Of course, with the consent of the students. Conversations with students allow you to find out whether the vocabulary in a given range has been mastered. I believe that free discussion of a given topic is better than a written test.» Thank you for this interesting perspective.

It is a complex issue that requires compression from those involved.

1. You need a code of ethics, which must be electronically remembered and signed every time you take a test or work on a project.

2. Online exams should be with a battery of questions so that they are incorporated randomly among users and with estimated times between questions. This does not allow you to be looking for mining material you take the test.

3. The cameras must be active on the part of the student.

4. If various activities are graded so that the student builds the grade from the beginning and does not wait for an exam that includes most of it.

5. Activities must include interaction between students. For example: Once the activity is finished, it must be reviewed by another student (as a blind pair and the task appears anonymous), so the student knows that they must complete the activity to their satisfaction.

Nestor Montalvan-Burbano Thank you for interesting input.

Our University using the platform to conduct exams for outgoing batches to facilitate them for pursuing higher studies.

Sudha Mavuri Thank you for your input.

Thank you so much for this question and all the insightful answers shared here. I think it depends a lot on what you teach. In teacher preparation programs, for example, students often do not have tests per se but they might have to individually design a lesson plan, which is catered for their unique classroom context and aligned with a pre-requisite reflective paper assignment as well as the online class discussion shared notes. I also think that a conversation at the beginning of the classes to explain clearly what constitutes 'cheating' and the possible consequences in terms of learning opportunities missed and penalties for academic misconduct is important.

Daniela Fontenelle-Tereshchuk Thank you for sharing. I am also very happy for all the insightful answers.

Samuel Koshy Pallyampil Thank you for sharing this interesting information.

Dear Prof. Kversøy!

In Finland open book exams are on their way to be popular. In an online environment one big concern has been that students might cheat. In an MBA type of open book exam focuses on the skills of gathering and applying knowledge.

Liisa Myyry & Taina Joutsenvirta (2015). "Open-book, open-web online examinations: Developing examination practices to support university students’ learning and self-efficacy" Active Learning in Higher Education Volume 16, Issue 2, Copyright © 2020 by SAGE Publications, Available at:

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1469787415574053?journalCode=alha

At LUT University still set up further control measures for e-exams:

LUT University (2020). "Electronic exams:...

The code of conduct of an electronic exam: The supervision of the exam is assured by cameras, your magnetic key, your personal log-in and random checks. In addition, the exam room has a recording camera surveillance that captures also sound. Registering to the electronic exam signifies the approval of the camera surveillance. Open the exam room door always with your own magnetic key (only in Skinnarila Campus) You are not allowed to move around in the room without a reason, and you may leave the room only once, when having returned your exam.Silence is required in the exam room.Do not bring anything with you to the exam room, except your magnetic key and the locker key."

Last Update 18 August 2020 UNI-portal, Available at:

https://uni.lut.fi/en/web/lut.fi-eng/electronic-exams

Your sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely

Bulcsu Szekely Thank you for this very interesting and extensive input.

Kjartan Skogly Kversøy , this is a really very delicate situation. We don't have a policy defined for that kind of issue. On the other hand, we chose to hold a special virtual semester, where the evaluations aim only to offer a follow-up tool of the student himself. I believe that next semester we will need to implement a more efficient evaluation process that meets the needs of a complex process such as learning assessment.

Wellyngton Chaves Monteiro da Silva Thank you for your input. I believe Bulcsu Szekely in the last answer has some interesting suggestions to your challenge.

Thank you, Kjartan Skogly Kversøy . I just saw... grateful for Bulcsu Szekely 's suggestions.

Wellyngton Chaves Monteiro da Silva We have a similar tradition open book exams as Bulcsu Szekely . Also we have very good experience with exams that run through the whole semester were development work is the challenge. This works well both for first year students and master students. We often use a action research methodology similar to Jean McNiff and Jack Whitehead «Doing and Writing Action Research». Jean McNiff had written a book called «Writing and Doing Action Research» that can also be used. I have been mentioned in the last of these books for the way I work with my students. The students also work in groups and the result is most often independent and reflective students. It is very empowering for them. They most use the curriculum to explain their methodology and their findings. These exams are very difficult to impossible to cheat on.

"The students also work in groups and the result is most often independent and reflective students. It is very empowering for them." Oh, that's so cool, Kjartan Skogly Kversøy . Very interesting! That's why we teach. This is the role of education. I was very curious to know more about his work and the works mentioned. As soon as I finish my thesis, I'm sure i'll do these readings.

Wellyngton Chaves Monteiro da Silva Good luck with your thesis. Keep in touch. My own PhD thesis was about this and developing ways of radical participation in research and education. Some inspiration also from Paulo Freire. Currently I use this metodology with people with intellectual disabilities. Very interesting.

Kjartan Skogly Kversøy , currently my institution is running exams in person, online exams are no longer used.

Sanaa N Al- Haj Ali Thank you for sharing.

Oh, that's so cool. Paulo Freire is a great inspiration as an educator and intellectual. Great man, born in the state next to mine, here in Brazil. Thank you and I will always be following your great contributions here.

So far we've had students do a group presentation online for the final exam; it's a fair approach for grading given the situation at hand.

Ravee Art Phoewhawm Thank you for sharing.

@Kjartan: Most welcome

We don't make online exams.

Mohammad Abdulhai Thank you for sharing.

Bulcsu Szekely I used open book exam for a long time and often there were cases that some number of students fail. But in case of online examination, I understood that students are using some external services by hiring somewhere. Even you are asking to use a camera. I think they copy and send the question to somebody.

Regarding the whole situation, we are discussing at the department level and sharing our experience on how to prevent cheating.

Jaroslav Dvorak Thank you for sharing. There are challenges.

The ICT department have been given the responsibility to develop suitable online platform for exams and tests

Chinaza Godswill Awuchi It will be interesting to see what kind of solutions they find.

My university has directly gone to the Cloud Computing solution instead of the traditional servers.

Nidhal Kamel Taha El-Omari This sounds like a good solution.

Courses for professors to reduce cheating in exams online.