Abdul K. Parchur has a question that he emailed to me
I am just writing this message to get quick help from you in understanding lipiodol microspheres charge. As you know, Lipiodol microspheres can be easily prepared using emulsion method simply mixing water and Lipiodol. Please check a paper https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4409973/ for more information. I have following questions, it will be appreciated if you can respond to that,
1. What is the charge on such particles, Ex. high positive or negative?
2. In literature, many people are incorporating positive charge drug DOX inside core, it means dose core has negative charge?
3. I have incorporated 50 gold nanorods (-30 mV zeta) in each microsphere, then what is the resultant charge of microsphere can be expected?
4. What is the best way to measure such particle charges? When I use Malvern zeta sizer, I see precipitate at bottom after 3 runs, I am not able to get appropriate results for that. Moreover I do not see any one reported charge of such particles. Please comment on it.
Hope to see your response for those questions.
first - from 'firsthand Information' (Wikipedia) - Lipiodol is mixture of iodized fatty acid esters - I am not sure whether these are 'microspheres' (solid particles) or droplets. When you see sediment, than obviously dispersed phase is not stabilized properly. You may check settling stability as function of pH to get more inside on charging.
Let me plead great ignorance of the specifics of the topic. But with that said...
The article the questioner references basically involves a drug in aqueous saline that is quickly homogenized into an emulsified state by rapidly shaking with Lipiodol and then immediately (< 3 hours after mixing) using that emulsion. They therefore claim a fairly unstable mixture to start with -- perhaps through simple Oswald ripening and sedimentation of the high density iodized fatty acid molecules (~ 1.28 g/cc density I thought I saw claimed). So it sounds like little is being done to maintain emulsion stability if the questioner is following the literature prep.
Just a few factoids to add to Titus' recommendations.
Best regards,
Mike Bender
Thank you both Sobisch and Bender for going through it.
Lipiodol microspheres will form when Lipiodol and some other drug/water is passed through tiny nozzle. Interventional radiologist uses these microspheres loaded with drug to see tumors and to treat them in clinic. Since they are unstable (quickly precipitating in water) it is hard to check their zeta potential at different pH. I am not sure whether it can be dispersed in different solvents for the same. Meantime, particles are using for clinical applications it better to have their properties in physiological conditions.
Abdul K. Parchur
I am really worried by your comment 'I am not sure whether it can be dispersed in different solvents for the same'...
One can only inject aqueous based systems into a patient. Solvents (even a small amount of ethanol) will kill the 'patient'.
Thanks for your comment after ~2 years, I really appreciate your comments. I don't know who is injecting ethanol in humans, whole discussion here related to "Lipiodol characterization". It seems the discussion is going inappropriate way.
Thanks all going through this.
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