Well, In order to solve the problem of salting the water of the Shatt al-Arab, it is necessary to raise the discharge water of the Shatt al-Arab to push the salty marine tongue according to the density behaviour of water mixing Figure attached (بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم (مرج البحرين لا يبغيان) صدق الله العظيم). This solution is difficult to achieve in the condition of the scarcity of rain water on the drainage basin of the Tigris and Euphrates River and the installed dams against two rivers. Dam with a mobile hydraulic gate installed at the end of Shatt al-Arab to raise and regulates the water level of the Shatt al arab to the previous levels during 1970s (2 or 3 meters above the current level). This solution requires hydraulic designs at a high level of accuracy and importance and of course at a high cost and ultimately the best solution is to ensure the flow of water confluence to Shatt al arab and attention to non-dispersal of water into surface bodies , where increasing of evaporation within the center and south Iraq.

Sincerely

your brother

Possibly, actions to increase water production and river discharge may assist in the process of expulsion of salt water out of the basin.

It is a complicated problem. The strategies suggested by Dr. Bayan is appreciated. To manage the salinity problem near the river mouth (estuary), the possible solutions are:

Proper Reservoir Operation Plan

Controlled groundwater withdrawal in the coastal areas

Salinity extrusion structures at the downstream portion to control intrusion of salinity towards inland

Groundwater recharge in the coastal areas to dilute the salinity effect in groundwater

However availability of rainfall and fresh surface water flow in the up-stream is very important.

Arresting the inland flow of sea water to river at estuaries during high tide can help. This can be achieved by raising hydraulic head of river at the estuaries where the waters mix.

Hi, if you are interested in crop production, the following reference could interest you. It describes the results of an experience of salinity control in the lower Casamance region (Sénégal) which is a semi-arid area. Best Regards

Pierre

Reference : http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_5/b_fdi_31-32/36054.pdf