Hi,

I recommend you reading this article

"Confounding and Collapsibility in Causal Inference." In page 30, the authors introduced an example to explain the difference between the two given words.

Regards.

I suggest the following alternaives matchings:

[affect - efficient] and [effect - effective]

The terms "effect" and "affect" are often used in research and project management, but they have different meanings.

"Effect" refers to the change or outcome that occurs as a result of a particular cause or intervention. For example, a researcher might study the effect of a new drug on blood pressure, or a project manager might study the effect of a new workflow on productivity. In research, the term is often used to describe the outcome or result of an experiment or study.

"Affect" refers to the emotional state or feelings of a person or group of people. For example, a researcher might study the affect of a new policy on employee morale, or a project manager might study the affect of a new software on user satisfaction. In psychology, it refers to the experience of feeling or emotion.

It's important to keep in mind that "affect" is also a verb which means to influence or produce an effect or change on something or someone. For example, a new policy affects employee morale, or a new software affects user satisfaction.

In research and project management, it is important to be aware of the different meanings of these terms and use them correctly in order to accurately describe the results of a study or project.