I am studying the electrical instability when applying positive bias stress to the a-IGZO TFT.

At this point, the transfer curve moves in the negative direction, and I think it's the influence of oxygen vacancy.

From my understanding of oxygen vacancies, I understand that there are two types of shallow/deep states.

If PBS is applied, can electrons be released from oxygen vacancies in the deep state?

I don't know why the transfer curve moves negative direction when PBS applied.

ALso, In paper [A Unified Degradation Model of Elected-Metal Oxide (EMMO) TFTs Under Positive Gate Bias With or Without an Illumination] that i read, said that electrons and Vo2+ concentrations in the channel should be balanced. i wonder why this phenomenon occurs.

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