Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) and Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1 (LRP1) are critically involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis through their impact on amyloid-beta (Aβ) metabolism, neuroinflammation, and neuronal function. LRP1 facilitates the clearance of Aβ across the blood-brain barrier and within the brain, but ApoE4 exhibits reduced binding efficiency to LRP1 compared to other ApoE isoforms, leading to impaired Aβ clearance and subsequent accumulation.
However, current research has been limited in fully elucidating the precise molecular mechanisms governing ApoE4-LRP1 interactions, and more studies are needed to clarify their complex roles in AD pathophysiology and to develop effective targeted therapies.
For more details, please look into a recent article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.02.013