Salinity plays a critical role in mangrove ecosystems, affecting their growth, physiology, and distribution. Mangroves are salt-tolerant and can thrive in saline conditions, but high salinity can limit their productivity by stressing their water uptake and nutrient availability. Optimal salinity levels vary among mangrove species, and while some tolerate high salt concentrations by filtering salt at the root level or excreting it through leaves, extreme salinity can reduce growth rates, leaf area, and reproductive success. This adaptability helps mangroves occupy coastal zones where other vegetation cannot thrive.
Excessive water salinity causes stunted growth, reduced biomass, impaired photosynthesis, peroxidized cell membrane lipids, unbalanced reactive oxygen species generation, and interferes with water and nutrition uptake by the root system, resulting in very low survival rates.
Article Spatio-temporal variation of water salinity in mangroves rev...
The following study suggests that increasing salinity impedes mangroves forest growth and ecosystem functions.
Preprint Salinity reduces site quality and mangrove forest functions....
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