I have found contradictory definitions of both these terms in research papers.
Protocorm is found natural conditions, whereas PLB's, as the name suggests are those that can be induced to grow from an orchid explant under in vitro conditions.
Thank u for your reply vasudeep... Still i found in some research papers, they mentioned as "protocorm" which has been grown from a in vitro explant.
By definition protocorms are produced by germinating orchid seeds. Protocorm-like bodies (PLB) are produced by vegetative explants in vitro.
By definition protocorms are produced by seeds whereas protocorm like bodies (PLB) are produced by explants. Any other use of these terms is wrong.
Thanks Joesph Arditti Sir For your explanatory answer.... I was having the same doubt.
Protocorm is the tuber shaped body produced at the base of orchid seedlings in nature, while PLBs are somatic embryoid like structure formed in in vitro seeds during germination, from where the shoots and roots are arising.
Dear Servin,
In orchids we do not speak of a zygotic embryo but of a protocorm. The protocorm is a mass of cells and constitutes the embryonic form of orchid seeds. It is a mass of cells with high totipotentiality. When the orchid seeds germinate, it is observed that from this mass of cells, or protocorm, begins to grow and PLB's can be formed from this explant. The PLBs formed on protocorms have not only phenotypic similarity but also genotypic with protocorms. PLBs are, in other words, adventitous protocorms and correspond to somatic embryos formed from zygotic embryos in vitro.
PLEASE NOTE MY COMMENTS IN CAPS
In orchids we do not speak of a zygotic embryo but of a protocorm.
NONSENSE. NO. PROTOCORMS ARE PRODUCED BY THE VERY SMALL ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS OF ORCHIDS, WHICH ARE LOCATED WITHIN A SEED COAT THAT IS USUALLY TRANSPARENT.
The protocorm is a mass of cells and constitutes the embryonic form of orchid seeds.
WRONG. NO. PROTOCORMS ARE PRODUCED BY ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS. THEY ARE ACTUALLY AN UNUSUAL FORM (EARLY) SEEDLING. THEY MAY BE A MASS OF CELLS IN EARLY STAGES, BUT EVENTUALLY PRODUCE APICES AND/OR ROOTS. ONCE THEY PRODUCE BOTH, THEY ARE USUALLY REFERRED TO AS SEEDLINGS.
It is a mass of cells with high totipotentiality.
PROBABLY, AT LEAST FOR A WHILE.
When the orchid seeds germinate, it is observed that from this mass of cells, or protocorm, begins to grow and PLB's can be formed from this explant.
RUBBISH. WHEN ORCHID SEEDS GERMINATE THE EMBRYOS PRODUCE PROTOCORMS. SOME PROTOCORMS MAY PROLIFERATE AND PRODUCE MORE PROTOCORMS. BY DEFINITION PROTOCORMS ARE PRODUCED BY EMBRYOS OR PROTOCORMS AND PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES (PLB) ARE PRODUCED FROM TISSUE EXPLANTS. PLB CAN PRODUCE MORE PLB. PROTOCORMS DO NOT PRODUCE PLB AND PLB DO NOT PRODUCE PROTOCORMS.
The PLBs formed on protocorms have not only phenotypic similarity but also genotypic with protocorms.
WRONG TERMINOLOGY. PROCORMS PRODUCE MORE PROTOCORMS. PLB ARE PRODUCED BY PLB OR TISSUE EXPLANTS. PROLIFERATIONS PRODUCED BY PROTOCORMS OR PLB ARE SIMILAR TO WHATEVER PRODUCED THEM
PLBs are, in other words, adventitous protocorms and correspond to somatic embryos formed from zygotic embryos in vitro.
INCORRECT NONSENSE. PLB ARE PRODUCED BY PLB OR TISSUE EXPLANTS, NOT BY PROTOCORMS. THEY MAY BE EMBRYONIC IN NATURE AT LEAST TO SOME EXTENT, BUT THEY ARE NEVER EVER PRODUCED BY ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS. OR PROTOCORMS.
THIS SO CALLED DETAILED ANSWER IS WRONG, CONFUSED, CONFUSING, INCORRECT, SILLY AND MOSTLY IGNORANT. IF YOU CAN LOCATE A COPY (IT IS OUT OF PRINT NOW) REFER TO MY FUNDAMENTALS OF ORCHID BIOLOGY (WILEY, 1992) AND THE FIRST SECOND OR THIRD EDITION OF MICROPROPAGATION OF ORCHIDS.
Protocorm is the intermediate structure of orchid seeds and seedlings which is an organized shape, developed from the unorganized embryo (Penenchymatous cell mass of orchid seeds encoated by testa) of orchid seeds. On the other hand when similar bodies develop from any other vegetative part of orchid plant in in vitro culture is known as Protocorm-like bodies.
Hasta donde tengo entendido la organogénesis indirecta ocurre cuando un explante genera callo y dicho callo después se convierte en cuerpos parecidos a protocormos (PLBs), ¿es esto correcto?
¿El callo transformado puede recibir el nombre de callo organogénico o tiene otro nombre más técnico?
Sorry, the questions are:
As I understand it, indirect organogenesis occurs when an explant generates callus and said callus then becomes protocorm-like bodies (PLBs), is this correct?
Can the transformed callus be called organogenic callus or does it have another more technical name?
Are the protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) a stage of somatic embryogenesis?
Any bodies which resemble potocorms that are produced by an explant are protocorm like bodies.
Thank You So much.
Finally, Are the protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) a stage (globular embryo) of somatic embryogenesis?
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