Dear Dr Khaleel

I wish the following paper will help you

Regards

Dear Khaleel Ibrahim,

Paint typically consists of pigment, resin, solvent and additives:

Pigment - to provide colour, hiding and control gloss. Pigments are usually divided into two groups. One called 'Prime Pigments' includes pigments such as Titanium Dioxide (white), Chrome Green Oxide, Yellow and Red Iron Oxides,  Chrome Green Oxide, Yellow and Red Iron Oxides, etc. The other group of pigments is called ‘Extender Pigments’ and includes Calcite (Calcium Carbonate), Talc (Magnesium Silicate), Mica, Barytes (Barium Sulphate), etc.

In this interactive activity adapted from Shedding Light on Science, learn about the primary colors of light and pigment. First, see red, green, and blue gelatin blocks used as filters to demonstrate the absorption of specific wavelengths of light. Then watch as three desk lamps with red, green, and blue filters show how the primary colors of light are mixed to create other colors. Finally, watch a demonstration of how paints both absorb and reflect light and how the primary colors of pigment are mixed to create other colors.

Melamines isclass of compounds that serves as a pigment with different structures responsible for dark, tan, yellowish/ reddish pigments in marine animals. It is produced as the amino acid tyrosine is converted into melanin, Derived from aerobic oxidation of phenols, they are polymers.

There are several different types of melanins considering that they are an aggregate of smaller component molecules, such as nitrogen containing melanins. There are two classes of pigments: black and brown insoluble eumelanins, which are derived from aerobic oxidation of tyrosine in the presence of tyrosinase, and the alkali-soluble phaeomelanins which range from a yellow to red brown color, arising from the deviation of the eumelanin pathway through the intervention of cysteine and/or glutathione.

Tetrapyrroles are the next most common group of pigments. They have four pyrrole rings, each ring consisting of C4H4NH. The main role of the tetrapyrroles is their connection in the biological oxidation process. Tetrapyrroles has a major role in electron transport and acts as a replacement for many enzymes. In addition, they also have a role in the pigmentation of the marine organism's tissues.

Each color is indicated by the three types of chromatophore cells: erythrophores,melanophores and xanthophores.The first type is the erythrophores, which contains reddish pigments such as carotenoids and pteridines. The second type is the melanophores, which contains black and brown pigments such as the melanins. The third type is the xanthophores which contains yellow pigments in the forms of carotenoids. The various colors are made by the combination of the different layers of the chromatophores.  There are two categories of colors generated by the cell – biochrome and schematochromes. Biochromes are colors chemically formed microscopic, natural pigments. Their chemical composition is created to take in some color of light and reflect the rest. In contrast, schematochromes (structural colors) are colors created by light reflections from a colorless surface and refractions by tissues. Schematochromes act like prisms, refracting and dispersing visible light to the surroundings, which will eventually reflect a specific combination of colors.

Regards,

Prem Baboo

Dear Dr Khaleel

I wish the following paper will help you

Regards

Dear sir  Perm Baboo and Miqdam  thank you for sufficient answers .