Look up papers by James Herman, Stephen Baylin and Nita Ahuja groups from Johns Hopkins. They have published quite a few biomarkers within those studies. I would fish out papers, but it would take a little bit of surfing. Also look up the TCGA analysis and Cancer Methylome data (free) - that also directs towards specific biomarkers for each type of cancer. 

As for methods, look up a paper by Herman/Bailey as some of the authors - they have an efficient protocol to look for biomarkers using quantum dots  and qPCR. They have used serum samples i believe but the protocol can also work for stool sample detection. 

Hi,

It depends if you are talking about established (clinically used) test, or if you talk about recent achievement not yet certified.

From my knowledge most countries rely on Feccal occult blood test (FOBT) as a first screening, followed by coloscopy when the test was positive.

Some countries go directly with Coloscopy.

These program are usually recommended for the population above 50 or the population at risk. Be aware I'm talking mostly about Europe and North America, I have no knowledge about how it works in other countries.

Recently the use of FIT started to replace regular guaiac FOBT, since it does not require specific fastening prior to the test. 

In terms of molecular biomarker, some commercial kits are available but not necessary certified.

- Cologuard (http://www.cologuardtest.com/) which has been approved by FDA, use a mix of FIT, genetic (KRAS...) and epigenetic alterations BMP3, NDRG4) in stool

- Colosure (http://www.hopkinscoloncancercenter.org/CMS/CMS_Page.aspx?CurrentUDV=59&CMS_Page_ID=59EB34A4-86A8-475B-8E10-87A0AAA8CFA8) which test VIM methylation in stool.

- epi-procolon (http://www.epiprocolon.com/en/) which test SEPT9 methylation in plasma and serum.

In terms of non validated markers you can find a good number of paper with the use of DNA methylation in stool or plasma/serum. the publication in attachment is one example among other...

Most of the test have decent specificity, and if you need higher sensitivity you will need to go with the molecular test. As individual marker methylation of SEPT9 was reported to show good sensitivity and specificity.

Hope it helps,

Best,

Article Genome-Scale Discovery of DNA-Methylation Biomarkers for Blo...

For colorectal cancer Cea, Her1 and EGFR are clinical markers; there are others molecular biomarkers genetic and epigenetic like APC ,KRAS ,miR-155. For diagnosis  of this cancer is important to consider the familiary history, the presence of occult blood in fecal material, syntomys, and the positive biopsy  after  virtual colonscopy

Bonsoir Mer Arash, il est important de réussir pour diagnostiquer cette pathologie très tôt, mais même si vous trouvez une technique très sensible, est ce que la concentration de ce marqueur sera détectable durant le premier stade de la maladie!

autre chose, d'après mes lecture je remarque que chaque pathologie se caractérise ou ''installe son réseau moléculaire par lequel échappe de la surveillance de contrôle de système immunitaire, je vous envoie cet article, j'espère qu'il va vous aider, bon courage.

The Cologuard test from Exact Sciences which combines a Fecal Immunochemical Test for hemoglobin with a combination of KRAS mutation markers and DNA methylation markers has the highest sensitivity for detection of CRC. In a large study published earlier this year in NEJM, the test achieved 92%sensitivity for stage I-IV CRC with 86.6% specificity in an average-risk asymptomatic patient population.  Sensitivity for CRC was relatively independent of stage. Detection of advanced adenoma, a pre-cancerous lesion was 42%, but this was still significantly better than FIT. Exact Sciences is only running the Cologuard assay in their purpose-built lab, so you can't just order kits and run the test yourself.  If you are looking for the most specific lab test, nothing really beats quantitative FIT.  In the Exact Sciences study, the specificity of the comparator FIT assay from Polymedco was around 95%. 

Altough serach of feccal occult blood is in the first line and periodical colonoscopy should be performed after a certain age, a recent good marker seems to be methylated septin 9.