Hi Sonalika,

maybe these links will give you an introduction to this topic:

https://www.perkinelmer.com/CMSResources/Images/44-74556GDE_TGABeginnersGuide.pdf

https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=2ahUKEwiUupGB2sTdAhWBr6QKHZi9Bd8QFjACegQIBxAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Ffile.PostFileLoader.html%3Fid%3D5876b5fbcbd5c2fe1c4be189%26assetKey%3DAS%253A449492081221632%25401484178671185&usg=AOvVaw0Xa_SKoB3-UzXBoFCxQXRH

http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/acnew/department/pages/teaching/pages/teaching__wintersemester__2012_2013/andrey_tarasov__thermal_analysis__121026.pdf

http://td.chem.msu.ru/uploads/files/courses/special/specprac-ta/lit/Brown%20-%20Introduction%20to%20Thermal%20Analysis.%20Techniques%20and%20Applications.pdf

http://www.chem.latech.edu/~upali/chem466/TA/TA.pdf

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/presentation/b531/aeb41b3ca384df868a39738536475eb64b3a.pdf

http://anchem.uni-pannon.hu/wp-content/uploads/Thermal-methods-of-analysis.pdf

http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/98671/7/07_chapter%202.pdf

Regards

Markus

TG: Sample loss weight during heating

DTG: The first derivative of TG

DTA: The first derivative of temperature for thermal phase transitions

Sonalika Sonal,

The basic difference between TG/DTG/DTA in thermogravimetric analysis is explained in detail for better understanding.

01. Thermogravimetry (TG) or Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA):

TG is one of the basic methods in thermal analysis. It is a technique in which the mass of a substance is measured as a function of temperature while a substance is subjected to a controlled temperature program. The resulting delta m vs. T curve provides information regarding thermal stability and composition of the initial sample, the intermediate products that may form and the composition of solid residue, if any. To get useful information, the sample should evolve a volatile product as a result of various physical and chemical processes taking place in the sample on heating. This measurement provides information about physical phenomena, such as phase transitions, absorption and desorption; as well as chemical phenomena including chemisorptions, thermal decomposition, and solid-gas reactions (e.g., oxidation or reduction). Sometimes performed simultaneously with DTA/DSC and sometimes performed separately.

Applications:

1. Thermal stability

2. Oxidation and/or Combustion

3. Thermogravimetric Kinetics

4. Operation in Combinations with Instruments

02. Derivative thermogravimetry (DTG): 

DTG is Difference Thermogravimetry ratio of measurement of Dm (weight loss or weight increase) at heating/cooling/isotherm, interpretation by Dm over T or time (-dm/dt). In majority cases subsequent decomposition process give overlapping decompositon stages. Thus dissimilarly to the decomposition pattern of a certain decomposition reaction is not yet finished when an other (higher temperature one) commences. In most of cases a reliable qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the TG curve is impossible without having its first derivative (i.e. DTG curve). The DTG peak height at any temperature gives the rate of mass loss (dm/dT in mg/min unit). With DTG curve Ti, Tf and Tmax (the temperature of the maximum mass loss rate) can be precisely determined in overlapping reactions. The first thermobalance capable of recording TG and DTG curves simultaneously was developed by Paulik - Paulik - Erdey (1954).

Applications:

1. In Thermogravimetric analysis of liquids, the derivate of the TG curve with respect to time (the DTG curve) is directly correlated with the differential equations of the rate of change in weight.

2. With the aid of DTG curve, which in the case of derivatography is the derivative of the TG curve with respect to time, the apparent evaporation surface and the heat of evopration of the liquid can be calculated on the basis of dx/dT

03. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA):

DTA is a thermoanalytic technique that is similar to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DTA is a technique in which the temperature difference between a substance and a thermally inert reference material is measured as a function of the temperature (T), while the substance and reference material are subjected to a controlled temperature program. Here, the material under study & an inert reference are made to undergo identical thermal cycles, (i.e., same cooling or heating program) while recording any temperature difference between sample and reference. This differential temperature is then plotted against time, or against temperature (DTA curve, or thermogram). Changes in the sample, either exothermic or endothermic, can be detected relative to the inert reference. Thus, a DTA curve provides data on the transformations that have occurred, such as glass transitions, crystallization, melting and sublimation. The area under a DTA peak is the enthalpy change and is not affected by the heat capacity of the sample. DTA is the oldest thermoanalytical method.

Applications:

1. DTA curve can be used only as a finger print for identification purposes but usually the applications of this method are the determination of phase diagrams, heat change measurements and decomposition in various atmospheres.

2. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

3. It is used in cement chemistry, mineralogical research & environmental studies.

4. DTA curves are used to date bone remains or to study archaeological materials.

I hope I have answered your question.

With Best Wishes,

Samir G. Pandya

Thank you Markus Christ sir P. Grima Gallardo Sir and Samir G Pandya Sir, for you relevant informations, this will help me alot.

Mr. Samir G. Pandya i thank for valuable information.

DTA: is not a derivative of the temperature, but a temperature difference: The difference between the temperature of the sample minus the temperature of the reference material (both inside of a furnace chamber and subjected to the same heating or cooling rate).

Thank you sir N. C. Heck

Thanks to everyone for the question and answers.

Thank you sir it is very useful to me

Hi Sonalika Sonal I suggest you have a read at the following paper and you'll find such analysis interpretation. My Regards

Article Synthesis and Thermal Characteristics of N-(Thiazol-2-yl)met...

Dear Sonalika Sonal,

TGA measures weight change of a sample over a temperature range, DSC measures heat flow of a sample over a temperature range, and DTA measures heat differences between a reference sample and a sample of interest over a temperature range. From these individual techniques, we can determine heat capacity, glass transition points, crystallinity data, and thermal stability of a material.

I suggest you look at this post to get your answer

http://www2.sci.u-szeged.hu/inorg/Physical%20analysis%202010%20-%20Thermoanalytical%20methods.pdf

Dear Sonalika

I suggest you this book chapter that completely describes all thermal characterization and analysis.

Hope this can be helpful for you as it was for me.

Good Luck.

I would not call parameters, methods or curves obtained when using them.

TGA and DTG give the same results based on changes in mass while DSC and DTA based on the changes in energy but DSC keeps the difference in temperatures of the sample and the reference constant while measuring variations of heat flow while DTA keeps the heat flow constant and monitoring the changes in temperature differences between sample and ref..

Thank you Sir Samir G Pandya for this helpful information.

In cement analysis, the DTG curves are more convenient to get useful information about hydration products of cement. you can check these papers for reference. The DTG curves are just the derivate of TG curve which shows peak with respect to hydration products.

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116928

10.1016/j.jcou.2019.06.001

TG and DRG are related to quantitative Thermal analysis where a process involves a change in sample weight while been heated. DTG is the derivative of the TG curve and automatically displayed along with the TG. The technique is usually used for a variety of samples, inorganic and organic compounds.

* Thermoanalytical investigations on heterocyclic organic compounds. Part VI: synthesis, characte-rization and thermal decomposition of 1,4-bis(p-fluorobenzene sulphonyl)-2-alkoxy tetrahydro-pyrazines.

Thermochimica Acta, 177 (1991) 329.

* Thermoanalytical investigations on hetero-cyclic organic compounds: part 4: thermal decomposition of 1-benzyl, 2, 3-triazoloino-4, 5-n-phenyl-dicarboxiimides.

Thermochim. Acta, 79 (1984) 139.

The technique was successfully employed to study reactions of two solids which may lead to a third product probably not obtainable by normal conditions.

* Thermal and x-ray investigations on chromium (III) oxide-barium perchlorate trihydrate binary sysytem.

Thermal Anal., 26 (1983) 257 - 262.

Polymer systems can well be studied by these techniques

G.A. Adam; N.A. Hussain and M.M. Barbooti,

Thermochimica Acta, 37 (1980) 173.

The DTa is differential Thermal Analysis which shows the thermodynamic nature of the change, Exo or endothermic.

Miss Sonal...... For any specific problem , please feel free to write to me ... Regards