I am interested in knowing the concentration of arsenic in the released discards (liquid) after conventional techniques such as ion chromatography, coagulation and flocculation, adsorptive media filteration etc..
Most of the techniques you mentioned will produced a sludge with huge arsenic concentration differences.
Some adsorbents arsenic capacity is in the mg/g range others in the ug/g range
I dont think you will find any literature regarding this. You can probably create a table yourself taking in consideration the capacity of each technique
Thank you for your answer. Yes, I was unable to find any study listing the concentration of arsenic in liquid discards. I'll try and look into each technique separately.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) is one of the most efficient treatments to As removal. In that case, the rejection liquid may contain approximately double the liquid concentration prior to treatment.
The % of arsenic in treated water sludge will depend on the method of treatment.
The efficient the method, the arsenic concentration in the sludge will be more.
Typically for RO/ nano-filtration which can bring down the As level to below 10 ppb will have very high concentration, which will depend on the initial arsenic level.
May I suggest that you visit some drinking water treatment plants and take samples of the liquid discards for analysis. You can then determine the As concentrations in triplicates for each plant to ensure replicability and thus generate the initial data in this area. We have several drinking water treatments plants (For Bottled Water)....would that be suitable for your study....?
Thank you for your suggestion. But I am looking for data to compliment my existing results. It will be very kind of you if you could provide me with the data available with you.
Probably most of the As comes from the soil and that means there is a wide variation. Every water plant in the US must test there water and publish data. You can google each water plant and find the data. But there is a wide variation. Some water plants use the water from glaciers. Others use aquifers. Aquifers depend upon rain water being filtered through soil. If the soil has high levels of As, then the rainwater leaches the As from the soil and it goes into the aquifer.
The waste water after treatment may contain as high as 268 microgm/l as observed in Ballia, UP treatment plants. However the quantity depends on intake water & quality of adsorbent being used in the plant.