This might help you.

Conference Paper Determination of A Minimum Sample Size for Film-Induced Tour...

Mahmoud- Sample size calculations are an integral part of a statistical analysis plan to estimate the required number of participants to be included in the study. There are ethical implications when the estimation for sample size is more than needed (for example, unnecessary exposure of participants to unneeded risks). Add to this financial costs and logistic concerns, enrolment time frame and recruitment, which could be a waste of resources. On the other hand, underestimation of the sample size may end with a study that fails to reach statistical significance, resulting in a truly null effect or false-negative results.

It is important to note here that understanding the rationale behind sample size and power calculations is fundamental. Estimation of the sample size can be calculated using electronic online calculators such as (https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm) or (https://www.calculator.net/sample-size-calculator.html), or statistical software, or tables and graphs (such as Machin D et al. 1987 book). I recommend reading about parameters for sample size calculation and the probability of errors. Good luck.

You need to tell people what your definition of tourists is (i.e., what is your population or target population)?

Dear Daniel Wright ,

The study population is tourists from 18 years old to 65 years old and they number 400

Dear Samy Azer

Your point of view is that these calculations are according to the size of the study population and are calculated according to different criteria depending on the study .. Thank you for this valuable information I will use it.

Dear Shakil Ahmed ,

I reviewed this paper there is valuable information that can help me in my studies

Thank you

I asked you to define tourists, not the age group.

Convenience type of sampling would be easy for you.

convenience sampling with questionnaire.

I agree with you Md. Saiful Islam Shashi Kant Upadhyay but what is the scientific justification for choosing this method (Convenience) for tourists?

Dear Mahmoud Alghizzawi

I agree with Daniel Wright query to define tourists. Please note that having a clear definition and understanding of the target population is paramount in determining the appropriate sampling method. For instance, drawing a sample in a tourist area (e.g., hotel, restaurant, beach etc...) doesn't guarantee that you obtained tourists input because local community members also use tourists facilities. Moreover, you could be dealing with excursionists (same-day visitors) and domestic tourists, while you are perhaps targeting international visitors.

Now, back to your question,

I'll assume that you are targeting international tourists. Hence it is advisable that your questionnaire begins with some kind of filtering questions (e.g., Which country are you from; or/and Are you visiting or do you reside here?).

You are intending to collect data from "three tourist areas". As such, your study takes place at the consumption stage of the travel process and you conducting your data collection occurs at destination level. You will refer to each of these tourist areas a "sampling frame".

Selecting the sampling frames

Assuming that your city/region has many tourist areas, you need to justify why you decided to choose those three. Of course "convenience sampling" would do the trick, however this method tends to prioritize the researcher's situation rather than the quality of data. Hence, I wouldn't recommend that. I would instead recommend "purposive sampling". In your justification, you have decided to select tourist areas A, C, and E because you believe that based on the local/national tourism reports, these areas receive more international tourists, or perhaps a certain type of tourists you are interested into.

Selecting respondents

One you are in each tourist area, you could use "random sampling" to eliminate sampling bias. If you are collecting data during off-season when tourists are quite rare, or if you are targeting tourists of a particular nationality or psychographic profile you could use "snowball sampling".

In conclusion, the choice of your sampling method is very much connected with defining your target population. Hence it is important . And yes, in your case you will need to use a combination of sampling methods.

Here is a great book on methodology for tourism research:

Jennings, G.R. 2010. Tourism Research. 2nd ed. Milton: John Wiley & Sons.

Best regards,

Kimo

Random sampling is the most accurate, if you have the ability to pull it off. That depends on your ability to develop a list and establish a method of contact. However, if the total frame is only 400, you are going to need to sample a fairly large number anyway (say 240 for a confidence interval of 4); have you considered a census instead of a sample? Assuming a response rate of 70 percent (which may be high), you would need to sample almost the entire frame in order to get 240 respondents. Of course, what you do depends on what resources you have available and the degree of precision that you need.

It can also have an inclusion or exclusion criteria for the sample in case it is not a census, either very old people or people with language or health problems, etc.

Cristian Ramos-Vera Certainly, there will be exclusion, since it is possible to not complete the questions in some of the questionnaires, or if some of the questionnaires are not returned, but that the percentage of missing data should not exceed 10%

Thank you Bradford Chaney for your participation, but according to my available capabilities, I think there will be difficulty in adopting the random sample