May be used to measure the stress (deformation of material) with the optical technique named photo-elasticity. So you have a mechanical piece and contemporaneously a sensor.
The key to using SMPs in applications is determining the material response and developing a model which can accurately predict the material behavior. The ability of SMPs to recover large strains combined with its low weight and low cost advantages has produced much interest in design applications. For instance they can be used in biodegradable sutures, repairable automobile skins, satellites and other space vehicles and morphing wings etc.
There are real life constraints in capability regarding temperature induced memory fatigue and positional accuracy, stress and strain repeatability. Most people try to ask for the impossible with this technology. Single use accuracy is perfect if all variables are taken into account. Most people want a whole list of perfect properties and wing warping is never going to happen due to massive heat loss in high convective transfer conditions. If you are not a terrific elastic design engineer you do not have the skills for plastic deformation.