Thermodynamics requires that any usage results in some losses. But if you understand that any and all "waste" is an economic cost, then it should be obvious that any movement toward "sustainable" will reduce those costs as much as possible. Lower costs for the same outcomes will result in improved economies.

Dr Steven Cooke thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable Economic Development is a national initiative built on local economies' unique assets to address their individual challenges and provide quantifiable real-world benefits. It is a practical, implementable toolkit that tailors strategies to work for local people, businesses, and institutions. The main features of sustainable development are as follows: It improves the quality of human life. It minimizes the depletion of natural resources. It teaches us to respect and care for all the life forms. Sustainable development is an approach to growth and human development that aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The aim is to have a society where living conditions and resources meet human needs without undermining planetary integrity. Sustainable economic development considers future needs and limits the depletion of fish, natural gas, livestock, and fish. Sustainable economic growth also prevents future global warming. Economic sustainability requires the use and safeguarding of resources. Sustainable development is important for economic growth because: (i) Environment must be conserved while development is taking place. (ii) Resources must be used in such a way that something is conserved for future generations. (iii) The standard of living of all people must be raised. Sustainable economic growth is economic development that attempts to satisfy the needs of humans but in a manner that sustains natural resources and the environment for future generations. An economy functions in the ecosystem. We cannot separate the economy from it. In fact, an economy cannot exist without it.Sustainable development is referred to as the idea that human beings should sustain by meeting their basic needs, while also making sure that the future generations are able to meet their basic needs.