Dear Sir

Plz refer this link

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=S13wAAAAMAAJ&pg=SL3-PA21&lpg=SL3-PA21&dq=What+is+relation+between+evaporation+and+increasing+concentration+of+chloride+in+groundwater&source=bl&ots=5g6HkBBBJV&sig=_sv1EBVBZkcJ2_b_VI7GeRpxLIM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKt4LN9c7NAhXFpI8KHUdRBwkQ6AEIKDAB#v=onepage&q=What%20is%20relation%20between%20evaporation%20and%20increasing%20concentration%20of%20chloride%20in%20groundwater&f=false

and PFA Sir

Dear Rushikesh,

Evaporation concentrates the water soaking the soil, which may more or less be renewed due to the difference in capillary potential being created between the surface and the portions immediately below. The concentration may be such as to cause even in the ground CaCO3 precipitation in semi-arid regions and CaSO4 in arid regions. The concentration of water soaking the soil is particularly effective after weak rains, insufficient to climb down to the tablecloth and which only soak the superficial layers. It so happens by successive game of way down with dilution and rise with concentration of water, a gradual concentration if evaporation is particularly intense. Only heavy rains will lead into tablecloth these concentrated waters that will reappear at the sources. The concentration of chlorides of groundwater increases with the arid climate, ie with evapotranspiration. There must therefore have a more or less direct relationship between the chloride content of groundwater and this evapotranspiration. Therefore, there is also a more or less direct relationship with the proportion of rainwater that can reach the tablecloth, that is to say with the recharge coefficient of the tablecloth. Rainwater is already loaded in chlorides. By infiltrating into the ground, it dissolves more or less chlorides coming from the rock, either by attack or by pure dissolving, especially at the top of the source rock of the soil. The infiltrated water then undergoes evapotranspiration and thus chlorides, it holds in solution, concentrate.

With my best regards

Prof. Bachir ACHOUR

 The concentration of salts in surface and groundwater can increase in several ways. Increased dissolution can increase salinity levels. Evaporative enrichment is the process of increasing salinity levels in surface or groundwater by removing water via evaporation. For example, irrigation water is often applied to crops during the summer when evaporation rates are highest. As water molecules evaporate into the atmosphere, salts remain behind in the irrigation water. This irrigation water can percolate into the underlying groundwater. If the groundwater is later pumped and used for additional irrigation, the evaporation cycle is repeated and salinity levels will continue to increase. Dryland salinity affects soils when groundwater is brought to the surface by capillary action; evaporation removes water and leaves salt at the soil surface.

Dear Sir Please go through with this link 

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=UF7vBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117&dq=between+evaporation+and+increasing+concentration+of+chloride+in+groundwater&source=bl&ots=iCHE2hMq8-&sig=xmasSp-b26KGPvH9buoZuYaLWjA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiMr5iBjdLNAhUFR48KHbdsADgQ6AEIQDAD#v=onepage&q=between%20evaporation%20and%20increasing%20concentration%20of%20chloride%20in%20groundwater&f=false

I will suggest you read the answer from the source below and also consider the previous answers above. 

source: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/gama/docs/coc_salinity.pdf

For arid areas, See:

Chloride Mass Balance. G. W. Gee, Z. F. Zhanga, S. W. Tyler, W. H. Albright and M. J. Singleton, Vadose Zone Journal, 2005.

Abstract

The chloride mass balance (CMB) method has been used extensively to estimate recharge in arid and semiarid environments. Required data include estimates of annual precipitation, total Cl− input (from dry fallout and precipitation), and pore water Cl− concentrations. Typically, CMB has been used to estimate ancient recharge, but recharge from recent land-use change has also been documented. Recharge rates below a few millimeters per year are reliably detected with CMB; however, estimates above a few millimeters per year appear to be less reliable. We tested the CMB method against 26 yr of drainage from a 7.6-m-deep lysimeter at a simulated waste burial ground located on the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeastern Washington, USA where removal of vegetation has increased recharge rates. Measured drainage from the lysimeter for the past 26 yr averaged 62 mm yr−1 Precipitation averaged 190 mm yr−1 with an estimated Cl− input of 0.22 mg L−1 Initial pore water Cl− concentration was 88 mg L−1 and decreased to about 6 mg L−1 after 26 yr, while the drainage water Cl− concentration decreased to

Thanks

This relationship is clear in surface water, most of the groundwater temperature is almost constant and change is little in most seasons

Well, Abdel Moneim Mohammed Ali liquid water base converts to vapor base which then migrates through micropores(effective porosity), where 1gm of liquid water needs 540 calories to evaporate, here the depth of groundwater does not prevent the evaporation of water, which leads to increase the concentration of Cl.

Regards