The material like tris bipyridyl ruthenium trichloride II [Ru(bipy)3]Cl2 or dyes such as rose bengal,eosin are photocatalyst or photosensitizers?
This is a very interesting question to discuss. First, we must clearly define what are the photocatalyst and photosensitizer. Suggestions? [Ru(bpy)3]2+ is a photosensitizer.
Photocatalysis is a type of catalysis that results in the rate of a photoreaction -catalyst to create electron–hole pairs, which generate free radicals common example H2O2. Benzylperoxide.
A photosensitizer is a molecule that produces a chemical change in another molecule in a photochemical process. Photosensitizers.[Ru(bpy)3]2+...Change to reaction product so it photosensitizer
These are IUPAC definitions. I don't see the difference between a photocatalyst and a photosensitizer.
photocatalyst
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.PT07446 Catalyst able to produce, upon absorption of light, chemical transformations of the reaction partners. The excited state of the photocatalyst repeatedly interacts with the reaction partners forming reaction intermediates and regenerates itself after each cycle of such interactions.Source: PAC, 2007, 79, 293. (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry, 3rd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2006)) on page 384 [Terms] [Paper]
photosensitization
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04652 The process by which a photochemical or photophysical alteration occurs in one molecular entity as a result of initial absorption of radiation by another molecular entity called a photosensitizer. In mechanistic photochemistry the term is limited to cases in which the photosensitizer is not consumed in the reaction.See: energy transfer (in photochemistry)Sources: PAC, 1981, 53, 753. (Symbolism and Terminology in Chemical Kinetics) on page 762 [Terms] [Paper] PAC, 1996, 68, 2223. (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)) on page 2265 [Terms] [Paper] Cite as: IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). Online version (2019-) created by S. J. Chalk. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.
The IUPAC definitions are true, however, it is clear that when we are talking about photophysical procedures; photons, play a significant role. therefor, both photocatalyst and photosensitizers are in close relationship with photons. It is impossible to make them apart. One says that a photocatalyst must first absorb a photon then the excited molecule is able to take part in a reaction. this mentioned reaction categories in the photoactive type reactions.
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