Dear colleague C. Mei-Ling Hamilton . Although they deal with important groundwater concepts and themes, these papers do not address the question, the specific concept I asked for: what is an aquifer system in hydrogeology?
We need to calmly check the work developed by Freeze and Cherry: http://hydrogeologistswithoutborders.org/wordpress/textbook-project/
The groundwater basin is a geological structure in symmetrical syncline or asymmetric containing different types of water-bearing layers, including the zone of recharge, transit and discharge. It is also known as a geospatial unit containing one or several aquifers connected to each other. In many cases, the boundaries of surface water basins are boundaries to aquifers, but these limits may not correspond. The zone of feeding can be defined as the part of the surface of the ground from which the water is filtered into the basin, although the aquifer can receive groundwater in the form of groundwater from adjacent basins.
The parts where ground water appears on the surface of the earth are called the discharge zone. The area between the feeding range and the discharge range is called the transit zone. The concept of aquifers has become important in recent years, after realizing the concept of excessive groundwater consumption in a part of the basin that directly affects the processing of water in the rest of the basin.
The determination of groundwater storage areas in any basin depends on lithological and tectonic properties and deep geological formation and geothermal conditions. The areas can be divided according to the previous conditions to hydrogeological units. Some developed countries have divided their lands based on geothermal conditions to the following hydrogeologic systems:
1 System of complex basins or folds. System and Synclinorium Basins
2) Artesian systems
3 - System of the area of cracks and extents in metamorphic and crystalline rocks. Fractures and Lineaments System
These systems can be subdivided into subsystems depending on the lithological conditions and deep geological formation.
Hello again! Thank you very much for the FREEZE and CHERRY, 1979 textbook link.
If I am understanding you correctly from your response, you wish to have a more “in depth” discussion of Hydrogeology rather than a general explanation.
Perhaps this text will also be of some interest o you:
His answer came to the point. See an aquifer system concept that can be considered as the first definition of this concept, performed by a USGS professional: aquifer system was originally defined by Poland et al. (1972) as "a heterogeneous body of permeable and poorly permeable intercalations which function as a water-producing hydroestratigraphic unit; it comprises two or more permeable layers, separated at least locally by aquifers that prevent the movement of groundwater but do not affect the hydraulic continuity of the system. " Cited by Machado (2005) in page 61.
The complete work of Machado, can be checked in the link: http://rigeo.cprm.gov.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/doc/142/tese_jose_machado.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Estimed C. Mei-Ling Hamilton thanks for the contributions!
Aquifer system is the interrelations of permeable and semipermeable units. These may be heterogeneous and multilayered units of argilaceous/arenaceous hdrogeologic system within the subsurface
An aquifer system is a group of formations that contain sufficient saturated permeable material to yield economic quantities of water to boreholes and springs.
Thanks for the compliments and details about the aquifer system. you asked about the reference then i have the same reference that you mentioned i.e. USGS.
Aquifer system can be defined as a porous soil (like sand and gravel) layer underlined by an impervious layer such as clay. If the sand layer is confined by impervious layers at both sides (top and bottom), it is called confined aquifer and otherwise (bottom only) an open aquifer. The porous layer contain water and acts as a ground water reservoir (sometimes called water table). Impervious layers prevent water losses from percolation and evaporation. This is an important formation in hydro-logical point of view. It serves plant growth in semi arid areas where long periods of dry weather and also helps to maintain base flow of rivers. Aquifers are naturally recharged during rainy seasons. It also can be recharged in artificial methods.
Thanks for the collaboration Dra Prema Hettiarachchi
Thank you very much for your participation.
But I can not see conceptual differentiation between aquifer and aquifer system in its contribution. A theoretical reference to your text would be desirable.
I don't know how to differentiate aquifer from aquifer system as you inquired. Sometimes, aquifer system may be a group of aquifers from which a large quantity of water can be extracted. I thought aquifer and aquifer system have same meaning. Anyway, I would like to follow this question.
POLAND et al., (1972) he conceptualized the two: aquifero and aquifer system.
POLAND et al., (1972) was the first to conceptualize aquifer system: https://www.researchgate.net/deref/https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fwsp%2F2025%2Freport.pdf