What does a new TOC analyzer cost?

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How to eliminate Steady state error from Reinforcement learning genetic algorithm code?

The following code (see 1st 2 images attached) is used to produce PID controller values that are designed to control the system (G). The code finds the PID controller values (noted as k) by using...

28 February 2021 6,560 14 View

How to constrain genetic algorithm input u?

My real system (buck converter) can only take an input of 0 to 1 (duty ratio) and I need to constrain the system so the controller action keeps within this bounds. How can I do this? The code for...

22 February 2021 2,125 3 View

The Role of Town Planners in CAV Use?

Colleagues and I are about to begin a project investigating the role of town planners and local authorities in establishing the introduction of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). What...

21 February 2021 2,247 3 View

Why are the modelled and circuit system different in response for controlled buck converter?

[Images are attached at bottom] I am currently working on a buck converter controlled by two different control methods, Reinforcement learning applied to find PID values & a lead-lag...

16 February 2021 5,060 10 View

How can I interpret a ratio variable?

Dear colleagues, I am running a regression in which I have the following regression FoodExp = 67.04 DepRatio +.....e My interest is in the interpretation of the coefficient on the dependency...

16 February 2021 2,058 2 View

What is best technique to quantify necrotic cell death of specific cell populations?

I currently using FACS (Aurora Cytek) to quantify necrotic Gr1+ cell death from the spleens of immune competent mice. I target Gr1+ cells in the spleens of tumor-bearing mice using a photodynamic...

08 February 2021 733 6 View

Why do some full text requests not allow me to respond to the requesting person?

Over the last year, when I have clicked on 'View the Request' in the notifying e-mail for a full text request, I have been taken to the paper in question but there is no request visible and thus I...

16 January 2021 7,558 1 View

Spectrabase no longer has overlay function?

Hello, I am a quality control chemist and I test raw materials for a nutritional supplement company. I make heavy use of FTIR-ATR for identification. We are a small laboratory with a limited...

07 January 2021 8,850 2 View

Follow up tests to explore interaction effects in a multiple logistic regression: can someone help explain my contradictory results?

I am conducting a logistic regression in order to examine whether there is an interaction between the number of stressors participants were currently experiencing (between 0-9) and their current...

20 December 2020 1,043 9 View

How to stain adherent cells with DAPI?

Hello! I am growing transfected cells in 24 well plate. on the bottom of each well i have a small glass cover-slip. so the cells adhere to that cover slip. I am using this method because its very...

15 December 2020 7,121 3 View

can I treat waste water containing solvents and alcohol with electrocoagulation?

there are solvents and alcohol in the waste water of a factory that produces disinfectants. Increasing this waste water requires very serious operations. Can I treat this waste water with...

27 February 2021 2,609 3 View

How vulnerable is water and wastewater infrastructure to cyber terrorism in an age of IoT?

Im looking for any papers, reports,articles, links etc on information on How vulnerable is water and wastewater infrastructure to cyber terrorism in an age of IoT.

24 February 2021 2,750 4 View

How to use Remote sensing and GIS applications for mapping the available medicinal plants within the locality/municipality?

Hello, I'm very interested in mapping and managing the conservation of the Philippine traditional medicinal plants, in which I think is very helpful in the field of medicine for further analysis...

21 February 2021 374 5 View

How to increase coupling range (distance between reader and sensor coils) in LC resonance circuit?

Hello great researchers, I am working on a wireless pressure monitoring project where sensing part is actually an LC resonance sensor and I am using a planar coil as a reader to get wireless...

11 February 2021 4,148 5 View

Do the introduced salts (NaOH/ HCl) influence the spectroscopic shifts of the fluorescence excitation-emission matrix?

During the resin (XAD-8) fractionation of wastewater salts (NaOH or HaCl) are used for acid or base elutions/pH adjustments. Since the amount of introduced salt is minimal, so is it required to...

08 February 2021 9,489 2 View

How the microplastics levels in freshwater and marine water ecosystem be controlled?

Microplastics have been found in land, air, freshwater, effluent from a wastewater treatment plant and even in tap water and bottled water. The small plastic particles (less than 5 mm) pose a...

19 January 2021 8,637 3 View

Why does COD increase over time when external carbon sources are added in the denitrification process in waste water?

Why does COD increase over time when external carbon sources are added in the denitrification process in waste water? After 1 hour, the concentration increased from 30mg/l to 40mg/l after 20...

17 January 2021 374 9 View

Which statistics to use for this?

I am currently working on a project which replaces a COD analyses with a TOC analyses using the COD/TOC-ratio factor and/or linear regression of COD vs TOC. Which form(s) of statistic tests can I...

16 January 2021 4,590 3 View

Seperate of organic and inorganic phosphorus in waste water?

Is it possible to separate organic and inorganic phosphorus in wastewater with a filter?

14 January 2021 952 3 View

Why wont my microbial fuel cell generate any current?

I have constructed a 2 chamber MFC for my senior research assignment and it has yet to produce any voltage. I used nafion as a PEM membrane and used graphite brushes as the electrodes. I have the...

11 January 2021 5,553 4 View

J. Hunter Adams

$40,000-$50,000 for a Shimadzu TOC analyzer depending on extras, autosampler, support plans, etc. we have a TOC-L with magnetic stirring autosampler and are happy with it.

Muhammad Amjad

SHIMADZU TOC system for Pharmaceutical production.

Amirhossein Sadeghzadeh

"TOC Analyzer/Total Organic Carbon analyzer Msltoc01"

and its cost range is around 9000 to 20000 US $

Vijay Sodhi

I can recommend TOC-TN analyser. Cost is around 60,000 US$ that may vary in country to country.

Virendra Kumar Saxena

Agreed with Vijay Sodhi. TOC- TN is good option.

Rean Maharaj

Around 50k USD

Farshid Rahmani

probably two analyzers with different ranges are needed. one in the range of fresh water and one in the range of untreated wastewater. I like HACH Biotector. it is relatively a low maintenance analyzer, with both low (0-25 mg/l) and high (10000mg/L). the repeatability of these analyzers (not only this brand) is around %1 of the range of measurement. therefore, it would be a little bit difficult to find one analyzer working in both ranges with 0.5 mg/L error!

James D Englehardt

Thank you guys, a big help. Best.